Objective: To evaluate the upper extremity nerves of stroke patients morphologically and electrophysiologically and to determine whether there is a relationship between clinical evaluations, ultrasonographic measurements, and electrodiagnostic findings. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 30 chronic stroke patients. After recording demographical data, clinical, ultrasonographic, and electrophysiological evaluations were performed. Clinical evaluations included Brunnstrom Recovery Stages (BRS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Modified Ashworth Scale (MAS), Motricity index (MI), Functional Independence Measurement (FIM), and Functional Ambulation Scale (FAS). For ultrasonographic measurements, median and ulnar nerves were scanned. Median and ulnar nerve conduction studies were performed bilaterally. Results: Mean ages of the patients were 62.2 ± 13.0 years (range 24-84 years; 22 males, 8 females). There was no significant difference in median/ulnar nerve ultrasonographic measurements between paretic and non-paretic sides (p > .05), whereas median nerve motor conduction velocity was significantly slower and median nerve F-wave latency was prolonged on the paretic side (p < .05). The median and ulnar nerve compound motor action potential (CMAP) amplitudes of paretic sides were positively correlated with lower extremity BRS and FAS scores. Median CMAP amplitudes were also positively correlated with FIM scores and ulnar CMAP amplitudes were positively correlated with motricity scores. Moreover, on the paretic side, there were positive correlations of median SNAP amplitudes with FIM and FAS scores (p < .05). Conclusions: Our results showed electrophysiological changes in peripheral nerves on the paretic upper extremities, however, no morphological change was determined. Further studies with larger number of patients and longer follow-up periods are needed to clarify the effect of stroke and spasticity on the peripheral nervous system.

中文翻译：

---

慢性脑卒中上肢痉挛患者中位和尺神经的超声和电生理评估。

目的：从形态学和电生理学方面评估中风患者的上肢神经，并确定临床评估，超声检查与电诊断结果之间是否存在关联。方法：这项横断面研究包括30名慢性中风患者。记录人口统计数据后，进行临床，超声检查和电生理评估。临床评估包括Brunnstrom恢复阶段（BRS），Fugl-Meyer评估（FMA），改良的Ashworth量表（MAS），运动指数（MI），功能独立性测量（FIM）和功能性步行量表（FAS）。为了进行超声检查，扫描了正中和尺神经。双侧进行中位和尺神经传导研究。结果：患者的平均年龄为62岁。2±13.0岁（范围24-84岁；男性22岁，女性8岁）。腹侧和非腹侧之间的中位/尺神经超声测量结果无显着差异（p> .05），而腹侧中位神经运动传导速度明显减慢，中位神经F波潜伏期延长（p <.05）。腹侧的中位和尺神经复合运动动作电位（CMAP）振幅与下肢BRS和FAS得分呈正相关。中位CMAP幅度也与FIM分数呈正相关，尺骨CMAP幅度也与运动分数正相关。此外，在比较方面，SNAP幅度中值与FIM和FAS得分呈正相关（p <.05）。结论：我们的研究结果表明，上肢上肢周围神经的电生理变化，但未发现形态学变化。需要进一步的研究以更多的患者和更长的随访时间来阐明中风和痉挛对周围神经系统的影响。