There is substantial evidence from animal research indicating a key role of the neuropeptides oxytocin (OT) and arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the regulation of complex social cognition and behavior. As social interaction permeates the whole of human society, and the fundamental ability to form attachment is indispensable for social relationships, studies are beginning to dissect the roles of OT and AVP in human social behavior. New experimental paradigms and technologies in human research allow a more nuanced investigation of the molecular basis of social behavior. In addition, a better understanding of the neurobiology and neurogenetics of human social cognition and behavior has important implications for the current development of novel clinical approaches for mental disorders that are associated with social deficits (e.g., autism spectrum disorder, social anxiety disorder, and borderline personality disorder). This review focuses on our recent knowledge of the behavioral, endocrine, genetic, and neural effects of OT and AVP in humans and provides a synthesis of recent advances made in the effort to implicate the oxytocinergic system in the treatment of psychopathological states.

中文翻译：

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催产素、加压素和人类社会行为

来自动物研究的大量证据表明，神经肽催产素 (OT) 和精氨酸加压素 (AVP) 在调节复杂的社会认知和行为中起关键作用。随着社会互动渗透到整个人类社会，形成依恋的基本能力对于社会关系必不可少，研究开始剖析OT和AVP在人类社会行为中的作用。人类研究中的新实验范式和技术允许对社会行为的分子基础进行更细致的研究。此外，更好地了解人类社会认知和行为的神经生物学和神经遗传学对于当前开发与社会缺陷相关的精神障碍（例如，自闭症谱系障碍、社交焦虑障碍和边缘型人格障碍）。本综述侧重于我们最近对 OT 和 AVP 对人类的行为、内分泌、遗传和神经影响的了解，并综合了最近在将催产素系统用于治疗精神病理学状态的努力中取得的进展。