The repair and regeneration of transected peripheral nerves is an important area of clinical research, and the adhesion of anastomosis sites to surrounding tissues is a vital factor affecting the quality of nerve recovery after nerve anastomosis. This study involves the generation of a novel nerve repair membrane derived from decellularized porcine nerves using a unique, innovative technique. The decellularized nerve matrix was verified to be effective in eliminating cellular components, and it still retained some neural extracellular matrix components and bioactive molecules (collagens, glycosaminoglycans, laminin, fibronectin, TGF-β, etc.), which were mainly determined by proteomic analysis, histochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cytotoxicity, intracutaneous reactivity, hemolysis, and cell affinity analyses were conducted to confirm the biosecurity of the nerve repair membrane. The in vivo functionality was assessed in a rat sciatic nerve transection model, and indices of functional nerve recovery, including the measurement of the claw-spread reflex, nerve anastomosis site adhesion, electrophysiological properties, and the number of regenerated nerve fibers, were evaluated. The results indicated that the nerve repair membrane could effectively prevent adhesion between the nerve anastomosis sites and the surrounding tissues and enhance nerve regeneration, which could be attributed to its various bioactive components. In conclusion, the novel nerve repair membrane derived from xenogeneic decellularized nerves described in this study shows great potential auxiliary clinical treatment for peripheral nerve injuries.

中文翻译：

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异种脱细胞神经衍生材料的制造和评估：神经修复新策略的临床前研究。

横断周围神经的修复与再生是临床研究的重要领域，吻合口与周围组织的粘连是影响神经吻合术后神经恢复质量的重要因素。这项研究涉及使用独特的创新技术从脱细胞猪神经中生成一种新型神经修复膜。去细胞化的神经基质经验证可有效清除细胞成分，但仍保留部分神经细胞外基质成分和生物活性分子（胶原蛋白、糖胺聚糖、层粘连蛋白、纤连蛋白、TGF-β等），主要通过蛋白质组学分析确定、组织化学、免疫组织化学和酶联免疫吸附测定。细胞毒性、皮内反应性、溶血、并进行细胞亲和力分析以确认神经修复膜的生物安全性。这在大鼠坐骨神经横断模型中评估体内功能，并评估功能性神经恢复指标，包括爪张开反射、神经吻合部位粘连、电生理特性和再生神经纤维数量的测量。结果表明，神经修复膜能有效防止神经吻合部位与周围组织的粘连，促进神经再生，这可能归功于其多种生物活性成分。总之，本研究中描述的源自异种脱细胞神经的新型神经修复膜显示出治疗周围神经损伤的巨大潜力。