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Comparative meiosis and cytogenomic analysis in euploid and aneuploid hybrids of Urochloa P. Beauv.
Chromosome Research ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-09-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s10577-019-09616-y
Mara Jane da Rocha 1 , Raquel Bezerra Chiavegatto 1 , Ana Gabriela Damasceno 1 , Laiane Corsini Rocha 1 , Fausto Souza Sobrinho 2 , Vânia Helena Techio 1
Affiliation  

The genus Urochloa includes most of the important grasses and hybrids currently used as pastures in the tropical regions. Cytogenetic analyzes have identified some aneuploid hybrids that provide new perspectives for genetic breeding. The objective was to analyze the meiotic behavior in euploid (2n = 4x = 36) and aneuploid (2n = 4x = 36 + 2) hybrids of U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens and U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha. Later, the chromosomes and respective genomes involved in pairing configurations and abnormalities were identified through GISH, with an emphasis on tracking the behavior of the additional chromosomes in the aneuploid hybrid U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens (B1B2B2B2 genomes). The aneuploid U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens shows a higher frequency of univalents, reduction of bivalents, and higher index of irregularities compared with the euploid hybrid. For the aneuploid U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha, there was a reduction in the frequency of univalents, an increase in bivalent and trivalent rates and a lower frequency of abnormalities when compared with the euploid hybrid. The rates of meiotic abnormalities and pairing configurations are parental genotype-dependent and influenced by trisomy. The chromosomes of the B1 and B2 genomes of the aneuploid hybrid (U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens) are involved in the formation of univalents, bivalents, and multivalents in inter-, intra- and inter-intragenomic pairings. In general, the segregation times of chromosomes of the genomes are different, since the chromosomes of the B1 genome segregate more slowly.

中文翻译:

Urochloa P. Beauv的整倍体和非整倍体杂种的减数分裂和细胞基因组学分析。

Urochloa属包括目前在热带地区用作牧场的大多数重要草和杂种。细胞遗传学分析已经鉴定出一些非整倍体杂种,这些杂种为遗传育种提供了新的视角。目的是分析U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens和U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha的整倍体(2n = 4x = 36)和非整倍体(2n = 4x = 36 + 2)的减数分裂行为。后来,通过GISH鉴定了与配对构型和异常有关的染色体和相应的基因组,重点是跟踪非整倍体杂种U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens(B1B2B2B2基因组)中其他染色体的行为。非整倍性U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens显示出更高的单价频率,减少了二价,与整倍体杂交相比,不规则指数更高。与整倍体杂种相比,非整倍体U. ruziziensis x U. brizantha的单价频率降低,二价和三价速率增加,异常频率降低。减数分裂异常和配对构型的发生率取决于父母的基因型,并受三体性影响。非整倍体杂种(U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens)的B1和B2基因组的染色体参与了整合间,整合内和整合间配对中的一价,二价和多价的形成。通常,由于B1基因组的染色体分离较慢,因此基因组的染色体分离时间不同。与整倍体杂种相比,单价发生率降低,二价和三价发生率增加,异常发生率降低。减数分裂异常和配对构型的发生率取决于父母的基因型,并受三体性影响。非整倍体杂种(U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens)的B1和B2基因组的染色体参与了整合间,整合内和整合间配对中的一价,二价和多价的形成。通常,由于B1基因组的染色体分离较慢,因此基因组的染色体分离时间不同。与整倍体杂种相比,单价发生率降低,二价和三价发生率增加,异常发生率降低。减数分裂异常和配对构型的发生率取决于父母的基因型,并受三体性影响。非整倍体杂种(U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens)的B1和B2基因组的染色体参与了整合间,整合内和整合间配对中的一价,二价和多价的形成。通常,由于B1基因组的染色体分离较慢,因此基因组的染色体分离时间不同。减数分裂异常和配对构型的发生率取决于父母的基因型,并受三体性影响。非整倍体杂种(U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens)的B1和B2基因组的染色体参与了整合间,整合内和整合间配对中的一价,二价和多价的形成。通常,由于B1基因组的染色体分离较慢,因此基因组的染色体分离时间不同。减数分裂异常和配对构型的发生率取决于父母的基因型,并受三体性影响。非整倍体杂种(U. ruziziensis x U. decumbens)的B1和B2基因组的染色体参与了整合间,整合内和整合间配对中的一价,二价和多价的形成。通常,由于B1基因组的染色体分离较慢,因此基因组染色体的分离时间不同。
更新日期:2020-04-20
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