The diving response is a coordinated physiological response to submersion under water and has been documented amongst all mammals tested to date. The physiological response consists of three primary reflexes: an immediate bradycardia, apnea, and selective constriction of peripheral blood vessels. We hypothesized that mice would exhibit a diving response upon voluntary submersion into water typically seen in other mammals. In this study, telemeters that measure arterial pressure were implanted into male and female C57Bl/6J mice. These mice were trained to voluntarily dive underwater for a distance of 40 cm over a 4–6 s period. Just before the dive, the interbeat interval (IBI) was 87 ± 6 ms (mean ± SD) and diastolic pressure was 99 ± 14 mmHg. Underwater submersion caused (1) a dramatic bradycardia immediately at the onset of each dive, as IBI increased to 458 ± 104 ms, and (2) a large drop in diastolic pressure, to 56 ± 16 mmHg despite the elevation in peripheral resistance. Mice experienced a short bout (~ 2 s) of hypertension (diastolic pressure rose to 131 ± 17 mmHg) upon emergence. The bradycardia and hypotension appeared to be vagally mediated, since both these responses were blocked with atropine pre-treatment. These data demonstrate that the mouse exhibits a robust diving response upon voluntary submersion into water.

中文翻译：

---

实验室老鼠强烈的潜水反应

潜水反应是对浸没在水下的协调生理反应，迄今已在所有哺乳动物中进行了记录。生理反应包括三个主要反射：即刻心动过缓、呼吸暂停和外周血管的选择性收缩。我们假设老鼠在自愿浸入水中时会表现出潜水反应，这在其他哺乳动物中常见。在这项研究中，测量动脉压的遥测仪被植入雄性和雌性 C57Bl/6J 小鼠体内。这些小鼠被训练在 4-6 秒内自愿潜入水下 40 厘米的距离。就在潜水前，心跳间隔 (IBI) 为 87 ± 6 ms（平均值 ± SD），舒张压为 99 ± 14 mmHg。水下淹没导致 (1) 在每次潜水开始时立即出现剧烈的心动过缓，随着 IBI 增加至 458 ± 104 ms，以及 (2) 尽管外周阻力升高，但舒张压大幅下降至 56 ± 16 mmHg。小鼠在出现时经历了短暂的高血压（~ 2 秒）（舒张压升至 131 ± 17 mmHg）。心动过缓和低血压似乎是迷走神经介导的，因为这两种反应都被阿托品预处理阻断了。这些数据表明，老鼠在自愿浸入水中时表现出强烈的潜水反应。因为这两种反应都被阿托品预处理阻断了。这些数据表明，老鼠在自愿浸入水中时表现出强烈的潜水反应。因为这两种反应都被阿托品预处理阻断了。这些数据表明，老鼠在自愿浸入水中时表现出强烈的潜水反应。