The study assessed Salmonella carriage in wild boars (Sus scrofa) and compared their isolates with those recovered from the domestic swine population of the same area of northern Italy (Emilia-Romagna), characterized by intensive pig farming and rather high density of wild boars. A total of 189 wild boars hunted during twelve months (2017–2018) were tested for Salmonella in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and faecal samples. Antimicrobial resistance of recovered strains was tested against 14 antimicrobials. Salmonella was detected in 33/189 wild boars (17.5%), specifically from 30/189 MLN (15.9%) and 6/189 faecal samples (3.2%). Three animals were positive in both samples. Thirteen Salmonella serovars were identified, i.e. Typhimurium (the most common), Bovismorbificans, Coeln, Derby, Enteritidis, Gaminara, Hessarek, Houtenae IV, Kottbus, Napoli, Stanleyville, Thompson and Veneziana. Salmonella carriage was higher in warm than in cold months (P = 0.0013). Pregnancy status was never associated with Salmonella carriage, with significant difference in the recovery of the pathogen between non-pregnant and pregnant females (P = 0.003). Only one resistance pattern to streptomycin and tetracycline was found in 15 isolates (41.7%) belonging to Typhimurium (14/14; 100%) and Kottbus (1/3; 33.3%) serovars. Overlap with isolates from farmed pigs was limited at serotype level (Typhimurium, Derby, Enteritis, Bovismorbificans, Kottbus) and absent at PFGE level, and also antimicrobial resistance patterns were substantially different. This evidence indicates a substantial segregation of the two animal populations with regard to infectious contacts, possibly suggesting that biosecurity measures in place at industrial farm level limit the exchange of Salmonella.

中文翻译：

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意大利家猪和野猪中沙门氏菌的交换有限。

该研究评估了沙门氏菌在野猪马车（野猪），并比较了他们与来自意大利北部（艾米利亚-罗马涅）的同一地区的家猪种群恢复，其特点是集约化生猪养殖野猪的，而高密度的分离。在肠系膜淋巴结（MLN）和粪便样本中测试了总共189个在十二个月（2017-2018年）内被猎杀的野猪的沙门氏菌。测试了回收菌株对14种抗菌药物的抗药性。在33/189头野猪（17.5％）中检测到沙门氏菌，特别是从30/189 MLN（15.9％）和6/189粪便样本（3.2％）中检测到。在两个样品中三只动物均为阳性。十三株沙门氏菌鉴定出了血清型，即伤寒（最常见），牛肝菌，科恩，德比，肠炎，加米纳拉，赫萨里克，后藤四世，科特布斯，那不勒斯，斯坦利维尔，汤普森和委内瑞拉。温暖的沙门氏菌携带比寒冷的月份高（P  = 0.0013）。怀孕状态从未与沙门氏菌携带有关，在未怀孕和怀孕的女性之间病原体的恢复差异显着（P = 0.003）。在属于鼠伤寒（14/14； 100％）和科特布斯（1/3； 33.3％）血清型的15个分离株（41.7％）中，仅发现一种对链霉素和四环素的耐药模式。在血清型水平（鼠伤寒，德比，肠炎，牛肝菌，科特布斯）上，来自养殖猪的分离株的重叠是有限的，而在PFGE水平上则没有，并且抗菌素耐药性模式也有很大不同。该证据表明，两种动物种群在传染性接触方面存在较大隔离，这可能表明在工业农场一级采取的生物安全措施限制了沙门氏菌的交换。