PURPOSE Estimate the incidence of nontarget embolization (NTE) as identified on immediate post-hepatic artery embolization CT. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two hundred hepatic embolizations performed with particles alone (bland embolization) in 147 patients between August 16, 2013 and August 26, 2014 with immediate post-procedure CT were retrospectively reviewed. Arterial anatomy, vessels treated, imaging findings of NTE, patient demographics, length of hospital stay following embolization, and procedure-related complications were recorded. The data were analyzed using two-sided t-tests and chi-squared tests. RESULTS Evidence of NTE was seen on post-procedure CT in 64 of 200 cases (64/200, 32%). Six organs were affected, with 69 discrete sites in 64 patients. The majority (49/69, 71.0%) involved the gallbladder. The mean length of hospital stay (LOS) for patients with and without NTE was 2.9 ± 1.5 nights (range 1-7) and 2.9 ± 2.3 nights (range 0-21), respectively (P = 0.81). NTE was more common following embolization of replaced or accessory hepatic vessels. There were three complications in the NTE group (3/64, 4.7%) following the embolization procedure, one of which was cholecystitis directly related to NTE. The other two were one incidence each of contrast-induced nephropathy and pneumonia. In the group without NTE, seven complications occurred (7/136, 5.1%, P = 0.889), including one death resulting from hepatic failure, two gastrointestinal bleeds, two hepatic abscesses, flash pulmonary edema, and pancreatitis. CONCLUSION Unanticipated NTE is not uncommon after bland hepatic artery embolization, particularly after treating accessory or replaced vessels, but does not increase complications or LOS. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2b, Retrospective Cohort.

中文翻译：

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温和肝动脉栓塞后非靶栓塞的发生率和后果。

目的 估计肝动脉栓塞后即刻 CT 上确定的非靶栓塞 (NTE) 的发生率。材料和方法 回顾性回顾了 2013 年 8 月 16 日至 2014 年 8 月 26 日期间 147 名患者的 200 例单独使用颗粒的肝栓塞（温和栓塞），并在术后立即进行 CT 扫描。记录动脉解剖、治疗的血管、NTE 的影像学表现、患者人口统计、栓塞后的住院时间以及与手术相关的并发症。使用双边 t 检验和卡方检验分析数据。结果 200 例中有 64 例（64/200，32%）在术后 CT 上发现 NTE 的证据。6 个器官受到影响，64 名患者的 69 个不连续部位受到影响。大多数 (49/69, 71.0%) 涉及胆囊。患有和不患有 NTE 的患者的平均住院时间 (LOS) 分别为 2.9 ± 1.5 晚（范围 1-7）和 2.9 ± 2.3 晚（范围 0-21）（P = 0.81）。NTE 在替换或辅助肝血管栓塞后更常见。NTE组栓塞术后出现3例并发症（3/64，4.7%），其中1例为与NTE直接相关的胆囊炎。另外两个是造影剂肾病和肺炎各有一个发病率。在没有 NTE 的组中，发生了 7 例并发症（7/136，5.1%，P = 0.889），包括 1 例肝功能衰竭死亡、2 例消化道出血、2 例肝脓肿、短暂性肺水肿和胰腺炎。结论 平淡的肝动脉栓塞术后意外 NTE 并不少见，特别是在治疗附属血管或更换血管后，但不会增加并发症或 LOS。证据级别 2b 级，回顾性队列。