This study aimed to assess mRNA and lncRNA expression differences between lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) and lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD). Cancer tissues were obtained from three LUSC and three LUAD patients, followed by RNA-seq. Differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) and lncRNAs (DE-lncRNAs) were identified between LUSC and LUAD, after which functional enrichment analysis and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network construction was performed on DEGs. Coexpression analysis of lncRNA-gene and prediction of DEG-related miRNAs as well as function enrichment analysis, and construction of competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) regulatory network were then conducted. Moreover, survival analysis on differentially expressed RNAs was performed based on data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. In this study, 518 DEGs and 117 DE-lncRNAs were identified between LUSC and LUAD. The DEGs were mainly associated with cell adhesion, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. PPI network analysis indicated several genes with highest connectivity, such as CCND1. DE-lncRNAs that coexpressed with DEGs were also associated with tight junction and DE-lncRNAs that had more corepressed relationships with DEGs included GSEC, NKX2-1-AS1, LINC01415, and LINC00839. Moreover, the genes and lncRNAs with higher connectivity in the ceRNA network included NEAT1, SLC5A3, LINC00839, ETV1, CMTM4, and SNX30. Several genes were significantly related to the survival of patients with LUSC and LUAD, including ETV1, RTKN2, SNX30, PAK2, and CCND1. Genes and lncRNAs associated with cell junction have specific patterns in two major histological subtypes of NSCLC. GSEC, NKX2-1-AS1, NEAT1, CCND1, and ETV1 may be potential novel biomarkers for personalized treatment strategies of NSCLC.

中文翻译：

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肺鳞状细胞癌和腺癌之间 mRNA 和 lncRNA 表达差异的不同模式。

本研究旨在评估肺鳞状细胞癌 (LUSC) 和肺腺癌 (LUAD) 之间的 mRNA 和 lncRNA 表达差异。癌症组织来自三名 LUSC 和三名 LUAD 患者，然后进行 RNA-seq。在LUSC和LUAD之间鉴定出差异表达的mRNAs（DE-mRNAs）和lncRNAs（DE-lncRNAs），然后对DEGs进行功能富集分析和蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用（PPI）网络构建。然后进行lncRNA基因的共表达分析和DEG相关miRNA的预测以及功能富集分析，以及竞争性内源RNA（ceRNA）调控网络的构建。此外，基于从癌症基因组图谱 (TCGA) 数据库下载的数据，对差异表达的 RNA 进行了生存分析。在这项研究中，在 LUSC 和 LUAD 之间鉴定了 518 个 DEG 和 117 个 DE-lncRNA。DEGs 主要与细胞粘附、PI3K-Akt 信号通路和粘着斑有关。PPI 网络分析表明几个基因具有最高的连通性，例如CCND1。与 DEG 共表达的 DE-lncRNA 也与紧密连接相关，与 DEG 具有更多核心抑制关系的 DE-lncRNA 包括GSEC、NKX2-1-AS1、LINC01415和LINC00839。此外，在ceRNA网络中具有较高连通性的基因和lncRNA包括NEAT1、SLC5A3、LINC00839、ETV1、CMTM4和SNX30。几个基因与 LUSC 和 LUAD 患者的生存显着相关，包括ETV1、RTKN2、SNX30、PAK2和CCND1。与细胞连接相关的基因和 lncRNA 在 NSCLC 的两种主要组织学亚型中具有特定模式。GSEC、NKX2-1-AS1、NEAT1、CCND1和ETV1可能是NSCLC个性化治疗策略的潜在新型生物标志物。