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Reevaluating the role of verbalization of faces for composite production: Descriptions of offenders matter!
Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied ( IF 2.813 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-21 , DOI: 10.1037/xap0000251
Charity Brown 1 , Emma Portch 2 , Laura Nelson 3 , Charlie D Frowd 1
Affiliation  

Standard forensic practice necessitates that a witness describes an offender's face prior to constructing a visual likeness, a facial composite. However, describing a face can interfere with face recognition, although a delay between description and recognition theoretically should alleviate this issue. In Experiment 1, participants produced a free recall description either 3-4 hr or 2 days after intentionally or incidentally encoding a target face, and then constructed a composite using a modern "feature" system immediately or after 30 min. Unexpectedly, correct naming of composites significantly reduced following the 30-min delay between description and construction for targets encoded 2 days previously. In Experiment 2, participants in these conditions gave descriptions that were better matched to their targets by independent judges, a result which suggests that the 30-min delay actually impairs access to details of recalled descriptions that are valuable for composite effectiveness. Experiment 3 found the detrimental effect of description delay extended to composites constructed from a "holistic" face production system. The results have real-world but counterintuitive implications for witnesses who construct a face 1 or 2 days after a crime: After having recalled the face to a practitioner, an appreciable delay (here, 30 min) should be avoided before starting face construction. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译:

重新评估面部表情在复合生产中的作用:罪犯的描述很重要!

标准的法证实践要求证人在构建视觉相似的面部组合之前先描述罪犯的脸。但是,尽管理论上在描述和识别之间的延迟应该可以缓解此问题,但是描述面部可能会干扰面部识别。在实验1中,参与者在有意或无意地编码目标面部后3-4小时或2天后产生了免费的回忆描述,然后立即或在30分钟后使用现代的“特征”系统构建了复合图像。出乎意料的是,在2天之前编码的目标的描述和构建之间经过30分钟的延迟之后,复合材料的正确命名大大减少了。在实验2中,这些情况下的参与者给出的描述与独立法官更好地符合他们的目标,结果表明30分钟的延迟实际上削弱了对被召回描述的详细信息的访问,这些细节对于综合有效性非常有用。实验3发现,描述延迟的不利影响扩展到由“整体”面部生产系统构造的复合材料。结果对于犯罪后1或2天构造面部的证人具有现实意义,但有悖直觉的含义:在向从业者召回面部后,应在开始构建面部之前避免明显的延迟(此处为30分钟)。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。结果表明,延迟30分钟实际上会削弱对被召回描述的详细信息的访问能力,这些信息对于提高综合有效性非常有用。实验3发现描述延迟的有害影响扩展到由“整体”面部生产系统构造的复合材料。结果对于犯罪后1或2天构造面部的证人具有现实意义,但有悖直觉的含义:在向从业者召回面部后,应在开始构建面部之前避免明显的延迟(此处为30分钟)。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。结果表明,延迟30分钟实际上会削弱对被召回描述的详细信息的访问能力,这些信息对于提高综合有效性非常有用。实验3发现描述延迟的有害影响扩展到由“整体”面部生产系统构造的复合材料。结果对于犯罪后1或2天构造面部的证人具有现实意义,但有悖直觉的含义:在向从业者召回面部后,应在开始构建面部之前避免明显的延迟(此处为30分钟)。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。结果对于犯罪后1或2天构造面部的证人具有现实意义,但有悖直觉的含义:在向从业者召回面部后,应在开始构建面部之前避免明显的延迟(此处为30分钟)。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。结果对于犯罪后1或2天构造面部的证人具有现实意义,但有悖直觉的含义:在向从业者召回面部后,应在开始构建面部之前避免明显的延迟(此处为30分钟)。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c)2020 APA,保留所有权利)。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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