The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are a large family of proteins that transduce extracellular signals to the inside of the cell to ultimately affect important cellular functions such as cell proliferation, survival, apoptosis, differentiation, and migration. They are expressed in the nervous system and can regulate behavior through modulation of neuronal and glial function. As a result, RTKs are implicated in neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders such as depression and addiction. Evidence has emerged that 5 RTKs (tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB), RET proto-oncogene (RET), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)) modulate alcohol drinking and other behaviors related to alcohol addiction. RTKs are considered highly “druggable” targets and small-molecule inhibitors of RTKs have been developed for the treatment of various conditions, particularly cancer. These kinases are therefore attractive targets for the development of new pharmacotherapies to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). This review will examine the preclinical evidence describing TrkB, RET, ALK, FGFR, and EGFR modulation of alcohol drinking and other behaviors relevant to alcohol abuse.

中文翻译：

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受体酪氨酸激酶作为酒精使用障碍的治疗靶点。

受体酪氨酸激酶 (RTK) 是一大类蛋白质，可将细胞外信号转导至细胞内部，最终影响重要的细胞功能，例如细胞增殖、存活、凋亡、分化和迁移。它们在神经系统中表达，可以通过调节神经元和神经胶质功能来调节行为。因此，RTK 与抑郁症和成瘾等神经退行性和精神疾病有关。有证据表明 5 种 RTK（原肌球蛋白相关激酶 B (TrkB)、RET 原癌基因 (RET)、间变性淋巴瘤激酶 (ALK)、成纤维细胞生长因子受体 (FGFR) 和表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR)）调节酒精饮酒和其他与酒精成瘾有关的行为。RTKs 被认为是高度“可药物化”的靶点，RTKs 的小分子抑制剂已被开发用于治疗各种疾病，尤其是癌症。因此，这些激酶是开发治疗酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的新药物疗法的有吸引力的目标。本综述将检查描述 TrkB、RET、ALK、FGFR 和 EGFR 对饮酒和其他与酒精滥用相关的行为的调节的临床前证据。