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Evaluating changes in salivary oxytocin and cortisol following positive reinforcement training in two adult male western lowland gorillas ( Gorilla gorilla gorilla )
Zoo Biology ( IF 1.3 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-19 , DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21524
Austin Leeds 1, 2, 3 , Julie Good 1 , Mandi W Schook 3 , Patricia M Dennis 1, 2, 4 , Tara S Stoinski 5 , Mark A Willis 2 , Kristen E Lukas 1, 2
Affiliation  

Positive reinforcement training (PRT) is associated with increases in species-typical behavior and decreases in stereotypic and abnormal behavior in participating animals. Physiological changes following PRT, for example, increases in oxytocin (OXT) and/or decreases in cortisol (CORT), may facilitate these behavioral changes. This study evaluated salivary OXT and salivary CORT concentrations in two adult male western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) following PRT with their primary animal care staff. Following PRT, no change in OXT was observed. CORT decreased in one subject following PRT. Changes in endogenous OXT are related to affiliative interactions and interact with strongly bonded conspecifics. PRT may not activate the oxytocinergic system because PRT is not a species-specific affiliative interaction and/or animal care staff are not viewed as conspecifics. Regardless, PRT may still be viewed as a positive interaction resulting in stress reduction via a decrease in CORT. Relationships are unique, thus these results only apply to these two gorillas and one animal caregiver. Larger population-level studies are needed to understand overall trends in human-animal interactions, and ultimately human-animal relationships. Further evaluation of physiological changes following human-animal interactions should be informative for understanding the human-animal relationship in zoos.

中文翻译:

评估两只成年雄性西部低地大猩猩(大猩猩大猩猩)在正强化训练后唾液催产素和皮质醇的变化

正强化训练 (PRT) 与物种典型行为的增加以及参与动物的刻板和异常行为的减少有关。PRT 后的生理变化,例如,催产素 (OXT) 增加和/或皮质醇 (CORT) 减少,可能会促进这些行为变化。本研究评估了两只成年雄性西部低地大猩猩 (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) 在与初级动物护理人员进行 PRT 后的唾液 OXT 和唾液 CORT 浓度。PRT 后,未观察到 OXT 的变化。PRT 后,一名受试者的 CORT 下降。内源性 OXT 的变化与亲缘相互作用有关,并与强结合的同种相互作用。PRT 可能不会激活催产素能系统,因为 PRT 不是特定物种的亲和互动和/或动物护理人员不被视为同种。无论如何,PRT 仍然可以被视为一种积极的相互作用,通过降低 CORT 来减少压力。关系是独一无二的,因此这些结果仅适用于这两只大猩猩和一个动物照顾者。需要更大规模的人口水平研究来了解人与动物相互作用的总体趋势,并最终了解人与动物的关系。对人与动物相互作用后生理变化的进一步评估应该为理解动物园中的人与动物关系提供信息。因此,这些结果仅适用于这两只大猩猩和一名动物照顾者。需要更大规模的人口水平研究来了解人与动物相互作用的总体趋势,并最终了解人与动物的关系。对人与动物相互作用后生理变化的进一步评估应该为理解动物园中的人与动物关系提供信息。因此,这些结果仅适用于这两只大猩猩和一名动物照顾者。需要更大规模的人口水平研究来了解人与动物相互作用的总体趋势,并最终了解人与动物的关系。对人与动物相互作用后生理变化的进一步评估应该为理解动物园中的人与动物关系提供信息。
更新日期:2019-11-19
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