Purpose Human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection has become a major health problem across the globe. The increased life expectancy of HIV-1 patients due to antiretroviral therapy has led to the emergence of liver disease as a major mortality factor among them. The purpose of the study was to examine the baseline characteristics of HBV in treatment-naïve HBV/HIV coinfection from southern India compared to monoinfected individuals. Materials and Methods The study was cross sectional in design, and samples were examined from 80 HIV-1, 70 HBV and 35 HBV/HIV-coinfected individuals using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay, real-time polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry assays. Results There was a significant increase in HBV DNA (P = 0.0001), higher hepatitis B e antigen percentage difference (P = 0.027) and lower CD4 counts (P = 0.01) among the HBV/HIV-coinfected individuals, but no difference in the HIV-1 viral load compared to HIV-1-monoinfected individuals. Also, the aspartate aminotransferase levels, prothrombin time and the international normalised ratio were significantly high among coinfected individuals. Conclusion These findings conclude that HIV-1 coinfection can have serious implications on the outcome of HBV-related liver disease. To the contrary, HBV infection had no consequence on the progression of HIV-1 disease but distinctly lowered CD4+ T-cells.

中文翻译：

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未接受治疗的 HBV 感染者与 HIV-1 合并感染的特征：来自印度南部的一项横断面研究。

目的 人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 (HIV-1) 和乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV) 双重感染已成为全球的主要健康问题。由于抗逆转录病毒治疗，HIV-1患者的预期寿命延长，导致肝病成为其中的主要死亡因素。该研究的目的是检查印度南部未接受治疗的 HBV/HIV 双重感染者与单一感染者相比的 HBV 基线特征。材料和方法 该研究采用横断面设计，使用化学发光微粒免疫分析、实时聚合酶链式反应和流式细胞术检测了 80 名 HIV-1、70 名 HBV 和 35 名 HBV/HIV 合并感染者的样本。结果 HBV/HIV 合并感染者的 HBV DNA 显着增加（P = 0.0001），乙型肝炎 e 抗原百分比差异较高（P = 0.027），CD4 计数较低（P = 0.01），但HIV-1 病毒载量与 HIV-1 单一感染者相比。此外，合并感染个体的天冬氨酸转氨酶水平、凝血酶原时间和国际标准化比率显着较高。结论 这些发现得出的结论是，HIV-1 合并感染可能对 HBV 相关肝病的结局产生严重影响。相反，HBV 感染对 HIV-1 疾病的进展没有影响，但 CD4+ T 细胞明显降低。