Background and Aim: Recently, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) has shifted from the most hazardous to the best curable type of acute myeloid leukemia. Anthracyclines, all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic derivatives are the most important developments for the treatment of APL. ATRA promotes the terminal differentiation of malignant promyelocytes to mature neutrophils. We aimed to compare platelet and neutrophil recovery time after induction chemotherapy in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and APL.Materials and Methods: Two hundred and fifteen patients with AML and APL, who were diagnosed and treated in our tertiary care center between the years of 2001 and 2018 were evaluated.Results: One hundred and eighty one AML patients (84.2%) and 34 (15.8%) APL patients were included in this study. The time between neutrophil nadir after induction chemotherapy and neutrophil recovery was longer in APL patients than in AML patients [30.5 (4-52) vs. 20 (5-58), p < 0.001]. The time between platelet nadir after induction chemotherapy and platelet recovery was longer in APL patients than in AML patients [21.5 (4-42) vs. 17 (4-45), p = 0.02].Conclusion: Neutrophil and platelet recovery times were longer in APL patients than in AML patients in our present study. In 60 days, mortality rate was higher in APL patients than AML patients. Non-relapse mortality (NRM) rate was similar between two groups. There was a significant difference between two groups in terms of NRM causes. Platelet and neutrophil recovery time is very important because infection is the most important cause of NRM.

中文翻译：

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诱导化疗后急性髓细胞性白血病和急性早幼粒细胞性白血病患者骨髓动力学的比较。

背景与目的：最近，急性早幼粒细胞白血病（APL）已从最危险的急性髓样白血病转变为可治愈的最佳类型。蒽环类，全反式维甲酸（ATRA）和砷衍生物是治疗APL的最重要进展。ATRA促进恶性早幼粒细胞向成熟嗜中性粒细胞的终末分化。我们的目的是比较急性髓细胞性白血病（AML）和APL患者的诱导化疗后血小板和中性粒细胞恢复的时间。材料与方法：115例AML和APL患者在我们的三级医疗中心之间进行了诊断和治疗。结果：2001年的AML患者181例（84.2％）和34例（15.8％）APL患者被纳入研究。诱导化疗后中性粒细胞最低点到中性粒细胞恢复之间的时间比AML患者更长（30.5（4-52）vs. 20（5-58），p <0.001）。诱导化疗后血小板最低点到恢复血小板之间的时间比AML患者更长[21.5（4-42）vs. 17（4-45），p = 0.02]。结论：中性粒细胞和血小板恢复时间更长在本研究中，APL患者的发病率高于AML患者。在60天内，APL患者的死亡率高于AML患者。两组的非复发死亡率（NRM）率相似。在NRM原因方面，两组之间存在显着差异。血小板和中性粒细胞的恢复时间非常重要，因为感染是NRM的最重要原因。