Lifestyle factors related to energy balance, such as excess body weight, poor diet, and physical inactivity, are associated with risk of sporadic endometrial cancer (EC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). There are limited data on energy balance-related lifestyle factors and EC or CRC risk among individuals with lynch syndrome, who are at extraordinarily higher risk of developing EC or CRC. We conducted a systematic review of evidence related to weight status, weight change, dietary habits, and physical activity on EC and CRC risk among individuals with lynch syndrome. Findings are reported narratively. We searched Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, PubMed, and clinicaltrials.gov up to June 14th, 2018. In total, 1060 studies were identified and 16 were included. Three studies were related to EC and 13 to CRC. Overall, evidence suggests that weight status/weight change may not be associated with EC risk and multivitamin and folic-acid supplementation may be associated with decreased EC risk. Early-adulthood overweight/obese weight-status and adulthood weight-gain may be associated with increased CRC risk, whereas multivitamin supplementation, tea and high fruit intake, and physical activity may be associated with decreased CRC risk. Current evidence proposes that recommendations related to weight, some dietary habits, and physical activity recommended for the general public are also relevant to individuals with lynch syndrome. More research is needed, specifically prospective cohorts and randomized controlled trials, to determine if tailored recommendations are needed among individuals with lynch syndrome.

中文翻译：

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能量平衡相关的生活方式因素以及患有lynch综合征的个体中子宫内膜和结直肠癌的风险：系统评价。

与能量平衡有关的生活方式因素，例如超重，不良饮食和缺乏运动能力，与散发性子宫内膜癌（EC）和结直肠癌（CRC）的风险有关。相对于与能量平衡有关的生活方式因素以及患有淋巴综合征的人的EC或CRC风险的数据有限，这些人罹患EC或CRC的风险异常高。我们对与lynch综合征患者的体重状况，体重变化，饮食习惯和体育锻炼有关EC和CRC风险的证据进行了系统的综述。调查结果以叙述方式进行报告。截至2018年6月14日，我们在Medline，EMBASE，CENTRAL，PubMed和Clinicaltrials.gov上进行了搜索。总共鉴定出1060项研究，其中包括16项。三项研究与EC有关，而13项与CRC有关。总体，有证据表明体重状态/体重变化可能与EC风险无关，而补充多种维生素和叶酸可能与EC风险降低有关。成年早期超重/肥胖状态和成年体重增加可能与CRC风险增加有关，而补充多种维生素，茶和高水果摄入量以及体育锻炼可能与CRC风险降低有关。目前的证据表明，向体重建议的有关体重，某些饮食习惯和体育锻炼的建议也与患有私刑综合征的人有关。需要更多的研究，特别是前瞻性队列研究和随机对照试验，以确定在私刑患者中是否需要量身定制的建议。