Plants are associated with highly diverse microbiota, which are crucial partners for their host carrying out important functions. Essentially, they are involved in nutrient supply, pathogen antagonism and protection of their host against different types of stress. The potential of microbial inoculants has been demonstrated in numerous studies, primarily under greenhouse conditions. However, field application, for example, as biofertilizer or biocontrol agent, is still a challenge as the applied microorganisms often are not provided in sufficiently high cell numbers, are rapidly outcompeted and cannot establish or require specific conditions to mediate the desired effects. We still have limited understanding on the fate of inoculants and on holobiont interactions, that is, interactions between plants, micro-biota and macro-biota and the environment, under field conditions. A better understanding will provide the basis for establishing models predicting the behaviour of strains or consortia and will help identifying microbiome members being able to establish and to mediate desired effects under certain conditions. Such models may also inform about the best management practices modulating microbiota in a desired way. Also, smart delivery approaches of microbial inoculants as well as the selection or breeding of plant genotypes better able to interact with microbiota may represent promising avenues.

中文翻译：

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下一代微生物组在作物生产中的应用-局限性和对基于知识的解决方案的需求。

植物与高度多样化的微生物群相关，微生物群是其宿主执行重要功能的关键伙伴。本质上，它们参与营养供应，病原体拮抗作用以及保护宿主抵抗不同类型的压力。在许多研究中，主要是在温室条件下，已经证明了微生物接种剂的潜力。然而，例如作为生物肥料或生物防治剂的田间施用仍然是挑战，因为所施用的微生物通常没有以足够高的细胞数量提供，不能迅速竞争，并且不能建立或需要特定的条件来介导所需的作用。我们对孕育剂的命运以及全生命周期的相互作用（即植物，微生物群和大型生物群与环境之间的相互作用）的理解仍然有限，在野外条件下。更好的理解将为建立预测菌株或聚生体行为的模型提供基础，并且将有助于确定在某些条件下能够建立和介导所需作用的微生物组成员。此类模型还可以提供有关以所需方式调节微生物群的最佳管理方法的信息。而且，微生物接种剂的智能传递方法以及能够更好地与微生物群相互作用的植物基因型的选择或育种可能代表了有希望的途径。此类模型还可以提供有关以所需方式调节微生物群的最佳管理方法的信息。而且，微生物接种剂的智能传递方法以及能够更好地与微生物群相互作用的植物基因型的选择或育种可能代表了有希望的途径。此类模型还可以提供有关以所需方式调节微生物群的最佳管理方法的信息。而且，微生物接种剂的智能传递方法以及能够更好地与微生物群相互作用的植物基因型的选择或育种可能代表了有希望的途径。