Dormancy is a widespread strategy used by diverse animal groups to persist through adverse environmental conditions, spread reproductive risk, and optimize seasonal phenology. Dormancy is an overarching term that refers to a reduction in metabolism, growth, and development; and different types of dormancy have been defined. Quiescence is directly initiated and terminated in response to environmental conditions, while diapause requires a preparatory phase that usually anticipates the onset of unfavorable conditions and also requires some minimum dormancy period (refractory phase) prior to termination. Dormancy is a fundamental feature of seasonal food web dynamics. Zooplankton populations can rapidly boom as individuals emerge from dormancy to feed on ephemeral algal blooms. Such productivity is critical to sustaining higher predators and supporting fisheries, particularly the growth of larval fish. Dormancy traits undergo selective pressure as zooplankton optimize developmental timing to maximize food availability and minimize predation pressure. As oceans warm and environments change, the relationship between dormancy cues, such as temperature and photoperiod, can shift, with as yet unknown effects on the timing of dormancy and resulting ecosystem dynamics. Future ecosystem dynamics are difficult to predict in part becausewe do not fully understand the cues that regulate the initiation or termination of dormancy, or how dormancy traits may change over time through acclimation and adaptation. From a physiological standpoint, our mechanistic understanding of dormancy regulation is growing by leaps and bounds, enabled by the application of modern “omics”methods to a diverse suite of organisms. For example, stages of in-

中文翻译：

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变化世界中休眠的生态学和生理学：生物公报虚拟研讨会简介

休眠是一种广泛使用的策略，被不同的动物群体用来在不利的环境条件下持续存在、传播生殖风险和优化季节性物候。休眠是一个统称，指的是新陈代谢、生长和发育的减少；并定义了不同类型的休眠。静止是根据环境条件直接启动和终止的，而滞育需要一个准备阶段，该阶段通常预计不利条件的开始，并且在终止之前还需要一些最短的休眠期（不应期）。休眠是季节性食物网动态的一个基本特征。随着个体从休眠中苏醒，以短暂的藻华为食，浮游动物种群会迅速增加。这种生产力对于维持高等捕食者和支持渔业，特别是幼鱼的生长至关重要。随着浮游动物优化发育时间以最大限度地提高食物供应量并最大限度地减少捕食压力，休眠性状会受到选择压力。随着海洋变暖和环境变化，休眠线索（如温度和光周期）之间的关系可能会发生变化，对休眠时间和由此产生的生态系统动态的影响尚不清楚。未来的生态系统动态很难预测，部分原因是我们不完全了解调节休眠开始或终止的线索，或者休眠特性如何通过适应和适应随时间变化。从生理学的角度来看，我们对休眠调节机制的理解正在突飞猛进，通过将现代“组学”方法应用于各种生物体来实现。例如，进入阶段