Synthetic biology has enabled a new generation of tools for engineering the microbiome, including targeted antibiotics, protein delivery, living biosensors and diagnostics, and metabolic factories. Here, we discuss opportunities and limitations in microbiome engineering, focusing on a new generation of tools for in situ genetic modification of a microbiome that hold particular promise in circumventing these limitations.

中文翻译：

---

重新编码元基因组：微生物组原位工程。

合成生物学已使用于工程化微生物组的新一代工具成为可能，包括靶向抗生素，蛋白质递送，活体生物传感器和诊断程序以及代谢工厂。在这里，我们讨论了微生物组工程学中的机遇和局限性，重点是新一代的微生物组原位遗传修饰工具，这些工具在克服这些局限性方面具有特殊的前景。