Biofeedback training has been used to improve fixation stability in subjects with central vision loss, but the psychophysiological mechanisms underlying the functional improvements resulted was not reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of microperimetric biofeedback training on different visual functions and self-reported quality of vision in subjects with age-related macular degeneration. This case-control study included six subjects (72.0 ± 6.1 years of age) diagnosed with age-related macular degeneration (wet or dry) with low vision (best corrected visual acuity ranging from 0.5 to 0.1 in the study eye) and five healthy volunteers (64.2 ± 3.7 years of age). Ophthalmological and functional examinations were obtained from all subjects twice with an approximately 3-month interval. Subjects with central vision loss performed 12 sessions (10 min each) of biofeedback training between the two examinations. Functional evaluation included: microperimetry, spatial luminance contrast sensitivities, color vision thresholds, visual acuity, and reading speed. Visual performance during daily activities was also assessed using a standardized questionnaire. The ratio (2nd/1st examination) of the spatial luminance contrast sensitivity at lower spatial frequencies were much higher for the training subjects compared with the controls. In addition, self-reported quality of vision improved after the training. The significant improvement of the visual function such as spatial luminance contrast sensitivity may explain the better self-reported quality of vision. Possible structural and physiological mechanisms underlying this neuromodulation are discussed.

中文翻译：

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使用生物反馈训练优化与年龄相关的黄斑变性患者的视觉性能的初步发现。

生物反馈训练已被用于改善中枢性视力丧失的受试者的注视稳定性，但尚未报道导致功能改善的心理生理机制。这项研究的目的是调查微视野生物反馈训练对年龄相关性黄斑变性患者不同视觉功能和自我报告的视觉质量的影响。此病例对照研究包括小号ix名受试者（72.0±6.1岁）被诊断出与年龄有关的黄斑变性（湿或干）且视力低（最佳矫正视力在研究眼中为0.5到0.1）和五名健康志愿者（64.2±3.7岁）年龄）。从所有受试者中进行两次眼科和功能检查，间隔大约3个月。有中枢视力丧失的受试者在两次检查之间进行了12次生物反馈训练（每次10分钟）。功能评估包括：微视野，空间亮度对比敏感度，色觉阈值，视敏度和阅读速度。还使用标准化问卷评估了日常活动期间的视觉表现。与对照组相比，训练对象在较低空间频率下的空间亮度对比度敏感度的比率（第二次检查/第一次检查）要高得多。此外，训练后自我报告的视觉质量得到改善。视觉功能（例如空间亮度对比度敏感度）的显着改善可以解释更好的自我报告的视觉质量。讨论了这种神经调节作用的可能的结构和生理机制。