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Looking at the Figures: Visual Adaptation as a Mechanism for Body-Size and -Shape Misperception.
Perspectives on Psychological Science ( IF 12.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-14 , DOI: 10.1177/1745691619869331
Kevin R Brooks 1, 2 , Jonathan Mond 3, 4 , Deborah Mitchison 1, 4, 5 , Richard J Stevenson 1, 2 , Kirsten L Challinor 6 , Ian D Stephen 1, 2
Affiliation  

Many individuals experience body-size and -shape misperception (BSSM). Body-size overestimation is associated with body dissatisfaction, anxiety, depression, and the development of eating disorders in individuals who desire to be thinner. Similar symptoms have been noted for those who underestimate their muscularity. Conversely, individuals with high body mass indices (BMI) who underestimate their adiposity may not recognize the risks of or seek help for obesity-related medical issues. Although social scientists have examined whether media representations of idealized bodies contribute to the overestimation of fat or underestimation of muscle, other scientists suggest that increases in the prevalence of obesity could explain body-fat underestimation as a form of renormalization. However, these disparate approaches have not advanced our understanding of the perceptual underpinnings of BSSM. Recently, a new unifying account of BSSM has emerged that is based on the long-established phenomenon of visual adaptation, employing psychophysical measurements of perceived size and shape following exposure to "extreme" body stimuli. By inducing BSSM in the laboratory as an aftereffect, this technique is rapidly advancing our understanding of the underlying mental representation of human bodies. This nascent approach provides insight into real-world BSSM and may inform the development of therapeutic and public-health interventions designed to address such perceptual errors.

中文翻译:

查看附图:视觉适应是身体大小和形状误解的一种机制。

许多人都会经历身体大小和形状错误的感知(BSSM)。身体大小的高估与身体不满,焦虑,沮丧和渴望瘦身的人进食障碍的发展有关。对于那些低估了其肌肉的人,已经注意到了类似的症状。相反,高体重指数(BMI)的个体低估了其肥胖症,可能不会意识到肥胖相关医学问题的风险或寻求帮助。尽管社会科学家已经研究了理想化身体的媒体代表是否导致对脂肪的高估或对肌肉的低估,但其他科学家认为,肥胖症患病率的上升可以将体脂低估解释为正常化的一种形式。然而,这些截然不同的方法并没有加深我们对BSSM感知基础的理解。最近,基于长期存在的视觉适应现象,出现了一种新的BSSM统一描述,它采用了暴露于“极端”身体刺激后感知的大小和形状的心理物理测量。通过在实验室中诱导BSSM作为后遗症,该技术正在迅速推进我们对人体潜在心理表征的理解。这种新生的方法提供了对现实世界中的BSSM的洞察力,并可能为旨在解决此类感知错误的治疗和公共卫生干预措施的发展提供信息。基于长期存在的视觉适应现象,出现了一种新的BSSM统一描述,它采用了对“极端”身体刺激后感知的大小和形状的心理物理测量。通过在实验室中诱导BSSM作为后遗症,该技术正在迅速推进我们对人体潜在心理表征的理解。这种新生的方法提供了对现实世界中的BSSM的洞察力,并可能为旨在解决此类感知错误的治疗和公共卫生干预措施的发展提供信息。基于长期存在的视觉适应现象,出现了一种新的BSSM统一描述,它采用了对“极端”身体刺激后感知的大小和形状的心理物理测量。通过在实验室中诱导BSSM作为后遗症,该技术正在迅速推进我们对人体潜在心理表征的理解。这种新生的方法提供了对现实世界中的BSSM的洞察力,并可能为旨在解决此类感知错误的治疗和公共卫生干预措施的发展提供信息。这种技术正在迅速推进我们对人体潜在心理表征的理解。这种新生的方法提供了对现实世界中的BSSM的洞察力,并可能为旨在解决此类感知错误的治疗和公共卫生干预措施的发展提供信息。这种技术正在迅速推进我们对人体潜在心理表征的理解。这种新生的方法提供了对现实世界中的BSSM的洞察力,并可能为旨在解决此类感知错误的治疗和公共卫生干预措施的发展提供信息。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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