Osteoclasts are bone-resorbing cells that play an essential role in the remodeling of the bone. Defects in osteoclasts thus result in unbalanced bone remodeling, leading to numerous pathological conditions such as osteoporosis, bone metastasis, and inflammatory bone erosion. Metabolism is any process a cell utilizes to meet its energetic demand for biological functions. Along with signaling pathways and osteoclast-specific gene expression programs, osteoclast differentiation activates metabolic programs. The energy generated from metabolic reprogramming in osteoclasts not only supports the phenotypic changes from mononuclear precursor cells to multinuclear osteoclasts, but also facilitates bone resorption, a major function of terminally differentiated, mature osteoclasts. While oxidative phosphorylation is studied as a major metabolic pathway that fulfills the energy demands of osteoclasts, all metabolic pathways are closely interconnected. Therefore, it remains important to understand the various aspects of osteoclast metabolism, including the roles and effects of glycolysis, glutaminolysis, fatty acid synthesis, and fatty acid oxidation. Targeting the pathways associated with metabolic reprogramming has shown beneficial effects on pathological conditions. As a result, it is clear that a deeper understanding of metabolic regulation in osteoclasts will offer broader translational potential for the treatment of human bone disorders.

中文翻译：

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破骨细胞的代谢重编程。

破骨细胞是骨吸收细胞，在骨重塑中起着至关重要的作用。破骨细胞的缺陷因此导致骨重塑失衡，导致许多病理状况，例如骨质疏松症，骨转移和炎性骨侵蚀。代谢是细胞用来满足其对生物学功能的能量需求的任何过程。除信号传导途径和破骨细胞特异性基因表达程序外，破骨细胞分化还激活了代谢程序。破骨细胞代谢重编程产生的能量不仅支持从单核前体细胞到多核破骨细胞的表型变化，而且还促进了骨吸收，这是终末分化的成熟破骨细胞的主要功能。虽然氧化磷酸化被认为是满足破骨细胞能量需求的主要代谢途径，但所有代谢途径都紧密相关。因此，了解破骨细胞代谢的各个方面仍然很重要，包括糖酵解，谷氨酰胺分解，脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸氧化的作用和影响。靶向与代谢重编程相关的途径已显示出对病理状况的有益作用。结果，很明显，对破骨细胞代谢调控的更深入了解将为治疗人骨疾病提供更广泛的翻译潜力。包括糖酵解，谷氨酰胺分解，脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸氧化的作用和作用。靶向与代谢重编程相关的途径已显示出对病理状况的有益作用。结果，很明显，对破骨细胞代谢调控的更深入了解将为治疗人骨疾病提供更广泛的翻译潜力。包括糖酵解，谷氨酰胺分解，脂肪酸合成和脂肪酸氧化的作用和作用。靶向与代谢重编程相关的途径已显示出对病理状况的有益作用。结果，很明显，对破骨细胞代谢调控的更深入了解将为治疗人骨疾病提供更广泛的翻译潜力。