Environmental enrichment can dramatically affect both the development and function of neural circuits. This is accomplished, at least in part, by the regulation of inhibitory cellular networks and related extracellular matrix glycoprotein structures known as perineuronal nets. The degree to which enhanced housing can influence brain areas involved in the planning and execution of actions is not well known. We examined the effect of enriching mice from birth on parvalbumin expression and perineuronal net formation in developing and adult striatum. This input nucleus of the basal ganglia consists of topographically discernible regions that serve different functions, providing a means of simultaneously examining the influence of environmental factors on discrete, but related networks. Greater densities of striatal parvalbumin positive cells and wisteria floribunda agglutinin labelled perineuronal nets were present in enriched pups during the second postnatal week, primarily within the lateral portion of the nucleus. Housing conditions continued to have an impact into adulthood, with enriched mice exhibiting higher parvalbumin positive cell densities in both medial and lateral striatum. Curiously, no differences due to housing conditions were detected in striatal perineuronal net densities of mature animals. The degree of overlap between striatal parvalbumin expression and perineuronal net formation was also increased, suggesting that heightened neural activity associated with enrichment may have contributed to greater engagement of networks affiliated with cells that express the calcium binding protein. Brain derived neurotrophic factor, an important regulator of inhibitory network maturation, is also subtly, but significantly affected within the striatum of enriched cohorts. Together, these findings suggest that environmental enrichment can exert cell specific effects within different divisions of an area vital for the regulation of action.

中文翻译：

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出生引起的环境富集影响小白蛋白表达细胞和紫藤植物凝集素标记的发育中鼠纹状体中的神经周围神经网。

环境富集可以极大地影响神经回路的发育和功能。这至少部分地通过调节抑制性细胞网络和相关的胞外基质糖蛋白结构（称为神经周围神经网络）来实现。增强住房对行动计划和执行中涉及的大脑区域的影响程度尚不十分清楚。我们检查了出生时富集的小鼠对发育中和成年纹状体中小白蛋白表达和神经胶质网形成的影响。基底神经节的输入核由具有不同功能的地形可辨别区域组成，提供了一种同时检查环境因素对离散但相关网络的影响的方法。在出生后第二周，主要在细胞核的外侧部分，幼仔中纹状体小白蛋白阳性细胞和紫藤花凝集素标记的围尿神经元网的密度更高。居住条件继续影响成年期，富集的小鼠在内侧和外侧纹状体中均表现出较高的小白蛋白阳性细胞密度。奇怪的是，在成年动物的纹状体神经周围神经净密度中，没有发现由于居住条件引起的差异。纹状体小白蛋白表达与神经周围神经网络形成之间的重叠程度也增加了，这表明与富集有关的神经活动增强可能有助于与表达钙结合蛋白的细胞相关的网络的更大参与。脑源性神经营养因子，抑制性网络成熟的重要调节剂，也很微妙，但在丰富人群的纹状体内受到显着影响。总之，这些发现表明，环境富集可以在对行动调节至关重要的区域的不同区域内发挥细胞特异性作用。