Summary Anisakids are usually acquired through the diet. Cormorant pellets are useful to detect both parasite larval stages, and prey items which could act as intermediate hosts in the environment. The current study provides information about the feeding habits of both birds and mammals, and the diversity of parasites circulating in the environment. The objective of the study was to identify Anisakidae larvae and prey items in pellets from the Imperial shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and the Red-legged cormorant P. gaimardi, suggesting possible parasite–prey associations. A total of 92 P. atriceps’ and 82 P. gaimardi’s pellets were collected from both Punta León, and Isla Elena bird colonies, respectively, during the period from 2006 to 2010. Pellets were preserved in ethanol and hard prey item remnants, and nematode larvae were studied using standard techniques. Prey item occurrence, nematode prevalence, and mean intensity were calculated. A correspondence analysis was performed to evaluate the larvae-prey association. Contracaecum spp., Pseudoterranova spp,, Anisakis spp., Terranova spp., and Hysterothylacium spp. third-stage larvae (L3) were identifi ed in pellets. Pseudoterranova spp. and Anisakis spp. L3 predominated in the environment of Punta León, whereas Contracaecum spp. and Hysterothylacium spp. L3 predominated in the Puerto Deseado area. The highest larvae-prey association was that of Contracaecum spp. L3 with Engraulis anchoita, followed by with Odontestes sp. in P. atriceps’ pellets. Contracaecum spp. L3 were significantly related to both sprats, Sprattus fueguensis and Ramnogaster arcuatta, in P. gaimardi’s pellets. It was verifi ed that E. anchovy is the main gateway of Contracaecum spp. L3 in P. atriceps. Odonthestes sp. might act as an intermediate/paratenic host of Contracaecum spp. L3 in the area. Both sprats might play a role as intermediate/paratenic hosts of C. australe, being the main gateway into P. gaimardi in the area. Thus, pellet analysis can be postulated as a good tool for indicating parasite-host associations between anisakids, and the prey items which act as intermediate hosts.

中文翻译：

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鸬鹚丸作为了解环境中寄生虫-中间宿主关联和线虫多样性的工具

总结异尖线虫通常是通过饮食获得的。鸬鹚丸可用于检测寄生虫幼虫阶段和可作为环境中中间宿主的猎物。目前的研究提供了有关鸟类和哺乳动物的摄食习惯以及在环境中传播的寄生虫多样性的信息。该研究的目的是在来自 Imperial shag Phalacrocorax atriceps 和红腿鸬鹚 P. gaimardi 的颗粒中识别异尖线虫幼虫和猎物，表明可能存在寄生虫-猎物关联。2006 年至 2010 年期间，分别从蓬塔莱昂和埃琳娜岛鸟类群中收集了 92 只 P. atriceps' 和 82 只 P. gaimardi 的颗粒。 颗粒保存在乙醇和硬猎物残余物中，和线虫幼虫使用标准技术进行研究。计算猎物发生率、线虫流行率和平均强度。进行了对应分析以评估幼虫-猎物关联。Contracaecum spp., Pseudoterranova s​​pp., Anisakis spp., Terranova s​​pp., 和 Hysterothylacium spp. 第三阶段幼虫 (L3) 被鉴定为颗粒。Pseudoterranova s​​pp. 和异尖线虫属。L3 在蓬塔莱昂的环境中占主导地位，而 Contracaecum spp。和 Hysterothylacium spp。L3 在波多黎各 Deseado 地区占主导地位。最高的幼虫 - 猎物协会是 Contracaecum spp。L3 与 Engraulis anchoita，其次是 Odontestes sp。在 P. triceps 的颗粒中。Contracaecum spp。L3 与 P. gaimardi 的颗粒中的 sprattus fueguensis 和 Ramnogaster arcuatta 都显着相关。经证实，鳀鱼是 Contracaecum spp 的主要入口。P. 肱三头肌中的 L3。齿兽属 可能作为 Contracaecum spp 的中间/旁系宿主。L3 区域。两个 sprats 都可能作为 C. australe 的中间/旁系宿主发挥作用，是该地区进入 P. gaimardi 的主要门户。因此，可以假定颗粒分析是指示异尖线虫和作为中间宿主的猎物之间的寄生虫-宿主关联的好工具。