Lyme disease (LD) is an infectious disease caused by the spirochetes of genus borrelia, which are transmitted by the ticks of the genus ixodes. LD is transmitted by the spirochete B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Once in contact with the host through a tick bite, the pathogen comes into contact with the host defense, and must escape this machinery to establish LD, thus using a large number of mechanisms involving the vector of the pathogen, the pathogen itself and also the host. The initial diagnosis of the disease can be made based on the clinical symptoms of LD and the disease can be treated and cured with antibiotics if the diagnosis is made early in the beginning of the disease. Contrariwise, if LD is left untreated, the pathogen disseminates throughout the tissues and organs of the body, where it establishes different types of disease manifestations. In the nervous system, the inflammation caused by B. burgdorferi is known as Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB). LNB is one of the principal manifestations of LD. In this review, we systematically describe the different molecular interactions among B. burgdorferi, the vector (tick) and the mammalian host.

莱姆病（LD）是由疏螺旋体的螺旋体引起的传染病，螺旋体由ix虫的the传播。LD由螺旋体B. burgdorferi sensu lato传播。一旦通过a叮咬与宿主接触，病原体就会与宿主防御系统接触，必须逃脱这种机制才能建立LD，因此会使用多种机制，涉及病原体的载体，病原体本身以及主办。可以根据LD的临床症状对疾病进行初步诊断，如果诊断是在疾病开始的早期进行的，则可以用抗生素治疗和治愈疾病。相反，如果不治疗LD，病原体会散布到身体的各个组织和器官，建立不同类型的疾病表现。在神经系统中，由B. burgdorferi引起的炎症被称为莱姆神经疏螺旋体（LNB）。LNB是LD的主要表现之一。在这篇综述中，我们系统地描述了伯氏疏螺旋体，载体（壁虱）和哺乳动物宿主之间的不同分子相互作用。