We examined the association between neuroticism and mortality in a sample of 321,456 people from UK Biobank and explored the influence of self-rated health on this relationship. After adjustment for age and sex, a 1-SD increment in neuroticism was associated with a 6% increase in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 1.06, 95% confidence interval = [1.03, 1.09]). After adjustment for other covariates, and, in particular, self-rated health, higher neuroticism was associated with an 8% reduction in all-cause mortality (hazard ratio = 0.92, 95% confidence interval = [0.89, 0.95]), as well as with reductions in mortality from cancer, cardiovascular disease, and respiratory disease, but not external causes. Further analyses revealed that higher neuroticism was associated with lower mortality only in those people with fair or poor self-rated health, and that higher scores on a facet of neuroticism related to worry and vulnerability were associated with lower mortality. Research into associations between personality facets and mortality may elucidate mechanisms underlying neuroticism’s covert protection against death.

中文翻译：

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更高的神经质何时可以防止死亡？英国生物银行的调查结果

我们检查了来自英国生物银行的 321,456 人样本中神经质与死亡率之间的关联，并探讨了自评健康对这种关系的影响。在调整年龄和性别后，神经质每增加 1-SD 与全因死亡率增加 6% 相关（风险比 = 1.06，95% 置信区间 = [1.03, 1.09]）。在调整其他协变量，特别是自评健康后，较高的神经质与全因死亡率降低 8% 相关（风险比 = 0.92，95% 置信区间 = [0.89, 0.95]），以及与癌症、心血管疾病和呼吸系统疾病的死亡率降低一样，但外部原因却没有。进一步的分析表明，较高的神经质仅与自评健康状况一般或较差的人的死亡率较低有关，在与担忧和脆弱性相关的神经质方面得分越高，死亡率越低。对人格方面与死亡率之间关联的研究可能会阐明神经质对死亡的隐蔽保护机制。