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Need for Cognition and False Memory: Can One's Natural Processing Style Be Manipulated by External Factors?
American Journal of Psychology ( IF 1.059 ) Pub Date : 2016-01-02 , DOI: 10.5406/amerjpsyc.128.4.0459
Wootan , Leding

The purpose of this experiment was to provide an enhanced understanding of need for cognition (NFC) and its influence on one's memory accuracy. People who are high in NFC tend to put more cognitive effort into their mental processes than their low-NFC counterparts. To determine whether one's natural processing tendencies, as determined by NFC, can be influenced by external factors, manipulations to levels of processing were added. Participants viewed word lists from the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm and were instructed to process half of the DRM lists deeply and the other half shallowly. After all the lists were presented, participants completed 3 successive recall tests. The deep processing condition produced higher rates of false memories for both NFC groups than the shallow processing condition. In addition, the high-NFC group produced higher rates of target recall in both the deep and shallow conditions than the low-NFC group. However, the high-NFC group also produced higher rates of false recall for the shallowly processed lists. These data indicate that high-NFC people exhibit enhanced target recall for word lists, which may come at the expense of overall accuracy due to the increase of false recall.

中文翻译:

需要认知和虚假记忆:一个人的自然加工方式是否可以由外部因素操纵?

该实验的目的是提供对认知需求(NFC)及其对人的记忆准确性的影响的增强理解。NFC含量高的人比NFC含量低的人倾向于在心理过程中投入更多的认知努力。为了确定由NFC确定的人的自然加工倾向是否会受到外部因素的影响,增加了对加工水平的控制。参加者查看了Deese-Roediger-McDermott(DRM)范例中的单词列表,并被指示对DRM列表的一半进行深度处理,另一半则进行较浅的处理。列出所有清单后,参与者完成了3次连续的回忆测试。与浅处理条件相比,深处理条件对两个NFC组产生的错误记忆率更高。此外,高NFC组在深浅条件下的目标召回率均高于低NFC组。但是,NFC高的小组也对浅表处理的列表产生较高的错误召回率。这些数据表明,NFC高的人对单词列表的目标记忆力增强,这可能是由于错误记忆力增加而牺牲了总体准确性。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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