Cyanophages are abundant in the oceanic environment and directly impact cyanobacterial distributions, physiological processes and evolution. Two samples collected from coastal Maine in July and September 2009 were enriched for Synechococcus cells using flow cytometry and examined through metagenomic sequencing. Homology‐based sequence prediction indicated cyanophages, largely myoviruses, accounted for almost half the reads and provided insights into environmental infection events. T4‐phage core‐gene phylogenetic reconstruction revealed unique diversity among uncultured cyanophages and reference isolates resulting in identification of a new phylogenetic cluster. Genomic comparison of reference cyanophage strains S‐SM2 and Syn1 with putative homologous contigs recovered from metagenomes provided evidence that gene insertion, deletion and recombination have occurred among, and are likely important for diversification of, natural populations. Identification of putative genetic exchange between cyanophage and non‐cyanophage viruses, i.e. Micromonas virus and Pelagibacter phage, supports hypotheses related to a significant role for viruses in mediating transfer of genetic material between taxonomically diverse organisms with overlapping ecological niches.

中文翻译：

---

海洋宏噬菌体的宏基因组分析的多样性和基因组动力学。

蓝藻在海洋环境中丰富，直接影响蓝藻的分布，生理过程和进化。在七月和2009年9月从沿海缅因州收集两个样本进行富集小号ynechococcus细胞使用流式细胞仪，并通过宏基因组测序进行检查。基于同源性的序列预测表明，巨噬细胞主要是肌病毒，占读取的一半，并提供了有关环境感染事件的见解。T4噬菌体核心基因的系统发育重建表明，未培养的噬菌体和参考菌株之间具有独特的多样性，从而鉴定出一个新的系统发育簇。参考氰基噬菌体菌株S‐SM2和Syn1与从基因组中回收的推定同源重叠群的基因组比较，提供了证据，证明自然种群之间已经发生了基因插入，缺失和重组，并且可能对自然种群的多样化很重要。噬藻体和非噬病毒之间假定的基因交换的识别，即中号icromonas病毒和P elagibacter噬菌体，在分类学上调解不同生物体之间遗传物质的转移与重叠的生态位相关的显著作用的病毒支持的假设。