In recent years, research on animal personality has exploded within the field of behavioral ecology. Consistent individual differences in behavior exist in a wide range of species, and these differences can have fitness consequences and influence several aspects of a species' ecology. In comparison to studies of other animals, however, there has been relatively little research on the behavioral ecology of primate personality. This is surprising given the large body of research within psychology and biomedicine showing that primate personality traits are heritable and linked to health and life history outcomes. In this article, I bring together theoretical perspectives on the ecology and evolution of animal personality with an integrative review of what we know about primate personality from studies conducted on captive, free‐ranging, and wild primates. Incorporating frameworks that emphasize consistency in behavior into primate behavioral ecology research holds promise for improving our understanding of primate behavioral evolution.

中文翻译：

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灵长类动物也具有个性：朝着行为一致的个体差异的综合灵长类动物迈进。

近年来，关于动物人格的研究在行为生态学领域得到了迅猛发展。行为的一致个体差异存在于多种物种中，这些差异可能会带来适应性后果，并影响物种生态的多个方面。但是，与其他动物的研究相比，关于灵长类动物性格的行为生态学的研究相对较少。鉴于心理学和生物医学领域的大量研究表明灵长类动物的性格特征是可遗传的，并且与健康和生活史的结果有关，因此这令人惊讶。在本文中，我将有关动物人格生态和进化的理论观点与对圈养，自由放养，和野生灵长类动物。将强调行为一致性的框架整合到灵长类动物行为生态学研究中有望提高我们对灵长类动物行为进化的理解。