Despite the global zoonotic disease burden, the underlying exposures that drive zoonotic disease emergence are not understood. Here, we aimed to assess exposures to potential sources of zoonotic disease and investigate the demographics, attitudes, and behavior of individuals with sustained occupational animal contact in Vietnam. We recruited 581 animal workers (animal-raising farmers, slaughterers, animal health workers, and rat traders) and their families in southern and central Vietnam into a cohort. Cohort members were followed for 3 years and interviewed annually regarding (1) demography and attitudes regarding zoonotic disease, (2) medical history, (3) specific exposures to potential zoonotic infection sources, and (4) socioeconomic status. Interview information over the 3 years was combined and analyzed as cross-sectional data. Of the 297 cohort members interviewed, the majority (79.8%; 237/297) reported raising livestock; almost all (99.6%; 236/237) reported being routinely exposed to domestic animals, and more than a quarter (28.7%; 68/237) were exposed to exotic animals. Overall, 70% (208/297) reported slaughtering exotic animals; almost all (99.5%; 207/208) reported consuming such animals. The consumption of raw blood and meat was common (24.6%; 73/297 and 37%; 110/297, respectively). Over half (58.6%; 174/297) reported recent occupational animal-induced injuries that caused bleeding; the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) was limited. Our work demonstrates that individuals working with animals in Vietnam are exposed to a wide range of species, and there are limited procedures for reducing potential zoonotic disease exposures. We advocate better education, improved animal security, and enforced legislation of PPE for those with occupational animal exposure in Vietnam.

中文翻译：

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越南南部和中部的职业性动物接触。

尽管存在全球人畜共患病负担，但尚未了解导致人畜共患病出现的潜在风险。在这里，我们旨在评估人畜共患病潜在来源的暴露情况，并调查越南持续职业性动物接触者的人口统计、态度和行为。我们在越南南部和中部招募了 581 名动物工作者（饲养动物的农民、屠宰者、动物保健工作者和老鼠贩子）及其家人进入一个队列。对队列成员进行了 3 年的随访，并每年就（1）人口统计学和对人畜共患病的态度、（2）病史、（3）对潜在人畜共患病感染源的具体暴露情况以及（4）社会经济状况进行采访。将 3 年的访谈信息合并为横截面数据进行分析。在接受采访的 297 名队列成员中，大多数（79.8%；237/297）报告饲养牲畜；几乎所有 (99.6%; 236/237) 报告说经常接触家养动物，超过四分之一 (28.7%; 68/237) 接触过外来动物。总体而言，70% (208/297) 报告屠宰外来动物；几乎所有 (99.5%; 207/208) 都报告食用过此类动物。生血和肉类的消费很常见（分别为 24.6%；73/297 和 37%；110/297）。超过一半 (58.6%; 174/297) 报告了最近的职业性动物损伤导致出血；个人防护设备 (PPE) 的使用受到限制。我们的工作表明，在越南与动物打交道的个人接触到的物种范围很广，而且减少潜在人畜共患病接触的程序有限。我们提倡更好的教育，