The treatment of large-area bone defects is a huge challenge and the current research hot spot is to prepare composite materials to promote the new bone formation. In this study, the rat skull defect was repaired by implanting pure wollastonite and hydroxyapatite composites, which proved that it has a good effect on the treatment of bone defects. 60 SD rats were used as research objects. The animals were randomly divided into wollastonite group, wollastonite-hydroxyapatite composite group and hydroxyapatite group. The three groups of bone scaffolds were filled into the rats' skull defects. At 6 and 12 weeks after surgery, we conducted Micro-CT analysis, HE staining, Masson trichrome staining, Alizarin red staining and Microfil analysis, to assess the therapeutic and regeneration effects of three groups. At 6 weeks after implantation, the morphology results showed that little newly formed bone was observed in wollastonite group, on the contrary, more new bone in the surgical defects formed in the wollastonite-hydroxyapatite composite group and hydroxyapatite group. At 12 weeks after surgery, histology analyses revealed that the regenerated bone became more mature in each groups. The morphology showed that the maturity of new bone was improved and the scaffold material was partially absorbed in wollastonite-hydroxyapatite composite group. CT scan observation showed that on the coronal plane, the defect repair area of wollastonite-hydroxyapatite composite group was integrated with the surrounding normal bone tissue, and the sacffold material was tightly integrated with the defect edge. The results of Microfil showed that compared with wollastonite group and hydroxyapatite group, wollastonite-hydroxyapatite composite group formed more blood vessels after 12 weeks of surgery. The wollastonite-hydroxyapatite composite biomaterial can promote the formation and growth of new bone in the defect area, and it is considered safe.

中文翻译：

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硅灰石和羟基磷灰石对骨缺损的体内治疗作用。

大面积骨缺损的治疗是一个巨大的挑战，当前的研究热点是制备复合材料以促进新的骨形成。在这项研究中，通过植入纯硅灰石和羟基磷灰石复合物修复了大鼠颅骨缺损，这证明它对治疗骨缺损具有良好的效果。将60只SD大鼠用作研究对象。将动物随机分为硅灰石组，硅灰石-羟基磷灰石复合物组和羟基磷灰石组。将三组骨支架填充到大鼠的颅骨缺损中。术后第6周和第12周，我们进行了Micro-CT分析，HE染色，Masson三色染色，茜素红染色和Microfil分析，以评估三组的治疗和再生效果。植入后6周，形态学结果表明，硅灰石组几乎没有新形成的骨，相反，硅灰石-羟基磷灰石复合组和羟基磷灰石组形成的手术缺损更多。手术后12周，组织学分析显示，再生的骨在每个组中变得更加成熟。形态学表明，硅灰石-羟基磷灰石复合材料组改善了新骨的成熟度，并且支架材料被部分吸收。CT扫描观察显示，在冠状面上，硅灰石-羟基磷灰石复合物组的缺损修复区域与周围的正常骨组织整合在一起，而牺牲层材料与缺损边缘紧密结合。Microfil的结果表明，与硅灰石组和羟基磷灰石组相比，术后12周，硅灰石-羟基磷灰石复合物组形成了更多的血管。硅灰石-羟基磷灰石复合生物材料可促进缺损区域新骨的形成和生长，被认为是安全的。