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Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mind-reading
Trends in Cognitive Sciences ( IF 19.9 ) Pub Date : 1998-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/s1364-6613(98)01262-5
V Gallese 1 , A Goldman
Affiliation  

A new class of visuomotor neuron has been recently discovered in the monkey's premotor cortex: mirror neurons. These neurons respond both when a particular action is performed by the recorded monkey and when the same action, performed by another individual, is observed. Mirror neurons appear to form a cortical system matching observation and execution of goal-related motor actions. Experimental evidence suggests that a similar matching system also exists in humans. What might be the functional role of this matching system? One possible function is to enable an organism to detect certain mental states of observed conspecifics. This function might be part of, or a precursor to, a more general mind-reading ability. Two different accounts of mind-reading have been suggested. According to `theory theory', mental states are represented as inferred posits of a naive theory. According to `simulation theory', other people's mental states are represented by adopting their perspective: by tracking or matching their states with resonant states of one's own. The activity of mirror neurons, and the fact that observers undergo motor facilitation in the same muscular groups as those utilized by target agents, are findings that accord well with simulation theory but would not be predicted by theory theory.

中文翻译:

镜像神经元与读心模拟理论

最近在猴子的前运动皮层中发现了一类新的视觉运动神经元:镜像神经元。当记录的猴子执行特定动作时,以及观察到另一个人执行的相同动作时,这些神经元都会做出反应。镜像神经元似乎形成了一个与目标相关的运动动作的观察和执行相匹配的皮层系统。实验证据表明,人类中也存在类似的匹配系统。这个匹配系统的功能作用是什么?一种可能的功能是使生物体能够检测观察到的同种生物的某些精神状态。这种功能可能是更普遍的读心能力的一部分或前兆。已经提出了两种不同的读心术解释。根据“理论理论”,心理状态被表示为一个朴素理论的推断假设。根据“模拟理论”,其他人的心理状态通过采用他们的观点来表示:通过跟踪或匹配他们的状态与自己的共振状态。镜像神经元的活动,以及观察者在与目标代理所使用的肌肉群相同的肌肉群中进行运动促进这一事实,这些发现与模拟理论非常吻合,但理论理论无法预测。
更新日期:1998-12-01
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