The coastal zone of the Baltic Sea is diverse with strong regional differences in the physico-chemical setting. This diversity is also reflected in the importance of different biogeochemical processes altering nutrient and organic matter fluxes on the passage from land to sea. This review investigates the most important processes for removal of nutrients and organic matter, and the factors that regulate the efficiency of the coastal filter. Nitrogen removal through denitrification is high in lagoons receiving large inputs of nitrate and organic matter. Phosphorus burial is high in archipelagos with substantial sedimentation, but the stability of different burial forms varies across the Baltic Sea. Organic matter processes are tightly linked to the nitrogen and phosphorus cycles. Moreover, these processes are strongly modulated depending on composition of vegetation and fauna. Managing coastal ecosystems to improve the effectiveness of the coastal filter can reduce eutrophication in the open Baltic Sea.

中文翻译：

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调节波罗的海沿岸养分过滤器的因素。

波罗的海沿岸地区物理化学环境差异很大，区域差异很大。这种多样性还反映在不同生物地球化学过程改变从陆地到海洋的通道中的养分和有机质通量的重要性上。这篇综述调查了去除营养物和有机物的最重要过程，以及调节沿海过滤器效率的因素。在接收大量硝酸盐和有机物投入的泻湖中，通过反硝化去除的氮含量很高。群岛上的磷埋葬量很高，具有大量沉积，但是在波罗的海，不同埋葬形式的稳定性各不相同。有机物过程与氮和磷循环紧密相关。此外，这些过程受植被和动物组成的强烈调节。管理沿海生态系统以提高沿海过滤器的效率可以减少开放波罗的海的富营养化。