This study was undertaken to survey culturable heterotrophic bacteria associated with the marine ark shell Anadara broughtoni inhabiting in the Sea of Japan, and to test isolates for their antimicrobial, hemolytic and surface activities with an emphasis on low-molecular-weight metabolites search. A total of 149 strains were isolated and identified phenotypically. A total of 27 strains were selected to be investigated phylogenetically by 165 rRNA gene sequence analysis. The most bacteria were affiliated with members of the Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria, and Less with Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides (CFB) group. The isolates capable of hemolysis were numerically abundant in the genera Pseudoalteromonas, Aeromonas and Bacillus. The six Gram-positive isolates belonging to the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus and Saccharothrix and two Gram-negative strains related to Pseudomonas and Sphingomonas, possessed antimicrobial activity against indicator strains and to each other. Antimicrobial, hemolytic and surface activities were revealed in butanot extracts of cells or cell-free supernatant of six active strains. This points to availability of active low-molecular-weight metabolites. Substances with hemolytic and surface activities were isolated from strain Bacillus pumilus An 112 and characterized as cyclic depsipeptides with molecular masses 1021, 1035, 1049, 1063 and 1077 Da. The recovery of strains producing antimicrobial and surface-active substances suggests that microorganisms associated with the marine bivalve are potential source of bioactive metabolites.

中文翻译：

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海洋软体动物相关细菌的分离，系统发育分析和筛选，具有抗菌，溶血和表面活性。

这项研究的目的是调查与居住在日本海的海洋方舟贝壳Anadara bridoni相关的可培养的异养细菌，并测试分离株的抗微生物，溶血和表面活性，重点是低分子量代谢物的搜索。总共149株分离和表型鉴定。总共选择了27个菌株，通过165 rRNA基因序列分析进行系统发育研究。细菌最多的是γ-变形杆菌和α-细菌的成员，而菌丝，放线菌和细胞吞噬-黄杆菌-拟杆菌（CFB）的成员较少。在Pseudoalteromonas，Aeromonas和Bacillus属中，具有溶血能力的分离株数量丰富。属于芽孢杆菌属的六个革兰氏阳性菌，Paenibacillus和Saccharothrix以及与假单胞菌和鞘氨醇单胞菌有关的两个革兰氏阴性菌株对指示菌株以及彼此具有抗微生物活性。六种活性菌株的butanot细胞提取物或无细胞上清液均显示出抗菌，溶血和表面活性。这表明有活性的低分子量代谢物。从小芽孢杆菌（Bacillus pumilus）An 112菌株中分离出具有溶血和表面活性的物质，并将其表征为分子量为1021、1035、1049、1063和1077 Da的环状二肽。产生抗微生物和表面活性物质的菌株的回收表明，与海洋双壳类动物相关的微生物是生物活性代谢物的潜在来源。