Proteins of the metallo-beta-lactamase family with either demonstrated or predicted nuclease activity have been identified in a number of organisms ranging from bacteria to humans and has been shown to be important constituents of cellular metabolism. Nucleases of this family are believed to utilize a zinc-dependent mechanism in catalysis and function as 5' to 3' exonucleases and or endonucleases in such processes as 3' end processing of RNA precursors, DNA repair, V(D)J recombination, and telomere maintenance. Examples of metallo-beta-lactamase nucleases include CPSF-73, a known component of the cleavage/polyadenylation machinery, which functions as the endonuclease in 3' end formation of both polyadenylated and histone mRNAs, and Artemis that opens DNA hairpins during V(D)J recombination. Mutations in two metallo-beta-lactamase nucleases have been implicated in human diseases: tRNase Z required for 3' processing of tRNA precursors has been linked to the familial form of prostate cancer, whereas inactivation of Artemis causes severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID). There is also a group of as yet uncharacterized proteins of this family in bacteria and archaea that based on sequence similarity to CPSF-73 are predicted to function as nucleases in RNA metabolism. This article reviews the cellular roles of nucleases of the metallo-beta-lactamase family and the recent advances in studying these proteins.

中文翻译：

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金属β-内酰胺酶家族的核酸酶及其在DNA和RNA代谢中的作用。

具有证实的或预期的核酸酶活性的金属-β-内酰胺酶家族的蛋白质已经在从细菌到人类的许多生物中被鉴定出来，并且已被证明是细胞代谢的重要组成部分。据信，该家族的核酸酶在催化中利用锌依赖性机制，并在诸如RNA前体的3'末端加工，DNA修复，V（D）J重组和5'至3'核酸外切酶和/或核酸内切酶中起作用。端粒维护。金属-β-内酰胺酶核酸酶的例子包括CPSF-73，它是裂解/聚腺苷酸化机制的已知组分，在聚腺苷酸化和组蛋白mRNA的3'末端形成中起核酸内切酶的作用，而Artemis在V（D）期间打开DNA发夹J重组。人类疾病涉及两种金属-β-内酰胺酶核酸酶的突变：tRNA前体的3'加工所需的tRNase Z与前列腺癌的家族形式有关，而Artemis的失活导致严重的联合免疫缺陷症（SCID）。在细菌和古细菌中还存在一组该家族尚未鉴定的蛋白质，其基于与CPSF-73的序列相似性被预测在RNA代谢中起核酸酶的作用。本文回顾了金属β-内酰胺酶家族的核酸酶的细胞作用以及研究这些蛋白质的最新进展。而灭活Artemis会导致严重的综合免疫缺陷（SCID）。在细菌和古细菌中还存在一组该家族尚未鉴定的蛋白质，其基于与CPSF-73的序列相似性被预测在RNA代谢中起核酸酶的作用。本文回顾了金属β-内酰胺酶家族的核酸酶的细胞作用以及研究这些蛋白质的最新进展。而灭活Artemis会导致严重的综合免疫缺陷（SCID）。在细菌和古细菌中还存在一组该家族尚未鉴定的蛋白质，其基于与CPSF-73的序列相似性被预测在RNA代谢中起核酸酶的作用。本文回顾了金属β-内酰胺酶家族的核酸酶的细胞作用以及研究这些蛋白质的最新进展。