This review article provides an updated critical literature review on the production and applications of Polyglutamic Acid (PGA). alpha-PGA is synthesized chemically, whereas gamma-PGA can be produced by a number of microbial species, most prominently various Bacilli. Great insight into the microbial formation of gamma-PGA has been gained thanks to the development of molecular biological techniques. Moreover, there is a great variety of applications for both isoforms of PGA, many of which have not been discovered until recently. These applications include: wastewater treatment, food products, drug delivery, medical adhesives, vaccines, PGA nanoparticles for on-site drug release in cancer chemotherapy, and tissue engineering.

中文翻译：

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聚谷氨酸生物聚合物的微生物生物合成及其在生物制药，生物医学和食品工业中的应用。

这篇评论文章提供了有关聚谷氨酸（PGA）的生产和应用的更新的重要文献评论。α-PGA是化学合成的，而γ-PGA可以由多种微生物产生，最主要的是各种芽孢杆菌。得益于分子生物学技术的发展，对γ-PGA的微生物形成有了深入的了解。此外，PGA的两种同工型都有多种应用，直到最近才发现其中许多。这些应用包括：废水处理，食品，药物输送，医用粘合剂，疫苗，用于癌症化学疗法中的现场药物释放的PGA纳米颗粒以及组织工程。