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The Early History of Hamilton-Jacobi Dynamics 1834?1837
Centaurus ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2002-12-01 , DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0498.2002.tb00613.x
Michiyo Nakane , Craig G. Fraser

The subject of the present article consists of four works, William Rowan Hamilton’s dynamical essays of 1834 and 1835 in the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Carl Gustav Jacobi’s letter of 1836 on the three-body problem addressed to the Paris and Berlin academies of science, and Jacobi’s article of 1837 in Crelle ’s journal on partial differential equations. Although we also refer in some detail to Jacobi’s dynamical lectures of 184243 (published in 1866), this is done only in so far as they amplify or clarify points that arise in his earlier writings. Hence we focus primarily on Hamilton’s achievement and its initial assimilation and extension by Jacobi. This episode is a remarkable case study, nearly unparalleled in the history of science, involving the creation of a highly original new mathematical theory and its almost immediate reinterpretation and extension by a major mathematical contemporary. The resulting subject used concepts and techniques from the calculus of variations to establish links between solutions of the ordinary differential equations of a dynamical problem and a complete integral of a new and fundamental partial differential equation, known today as the Hamilton-Jacobi equation. Several topics and themes are explored here in detail that are dealt with incompletely or not at all in the historical literature - the role of variational principles in Hamilton’s and Jacobi’s theory, the two-body system Hamilton introduced in 1834 to illustrate his method, the character and motivation of Hamilton’s devel

中文翻译:

Hamilton-Jacobi 动力学的早期历史 1834?1837

本文的主题包括四部作品,威廉·罗文·汉密尔顿 1834 年和 1835 年在伦敦皇家学会哲学汇刊中的动力学论文,卡尔·古斯塔夫·雅各比 (Carl Gustav Jacobi) 1836 年写给巴黎和柏林学院的关于三体问题的信科学,以及雅可比 1837 年在 Crelle 杂志上发表的关于偏微分方程的文章。尽管我们还详细地参考了雅可比 184243 年的动力学讲座(1866 年出版),但这只是在它们放大或澄清了他早期著作中出现的观点时才这样做的。因此,我们主要关注汉密尔顿的成就以及雅可比对其的初步同化和扩展。这一集是一个非凡的案例研究,在科学史上几乎是无与伦比的,涉及创建高度原创的新数学理论,并几乎立即被当代主要数学家重新解释和扩展。由此产生的主题使用变分法中的概念和技术,在动力学问题的常微分方程的解与新的基本偏微分方程(今天称为哈密尔顿-雅可比方程)的完整积分之间建立联系。这里详细探讨了历史文献中未完全或根本没有处理的几个主题和主题 - 变分原理在汉密尔顿和雅可比理论中的作用,汉密尔顿于 1834 年引入的二体系统来说明他的方法,特征汉密尔顿发展的动力 由此产生的主题使用变分法中的概念和技术,在动力学问题的常微分方程的解与新的基本偏微分方程(今天称为哈密顿-雅可比方程)的完整积分之间建立联系。这里详细探讨了历史文献中未完全或根本没有处理的几个主题和主题 - 变分原理在汉密尔顿和雅可比理论中的作用,汉密尔顿于 1834 年引入的二体系统来说明他的方法,特征汉密尔顿发展的动力 由此产生的主题使用变分法中的概念和技术,在动力学问题的常微分方程的解与新的基本偏微分方程(今天称为哈密顿-雅可比方程)的完整积分之间建立联系。这里详细探讨了历史文献中未完全或根本没有处理的几个主题和主题 - 变分原理在汉密尔顿和雅可比理论中的作用,汉密尔顿于 1834 年引入的二体系统来说明他的方法,特征汉密尔顿发展的动力
更新日期:2002-12-01
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