The skeleton harbors an array of lineage cells that have an essential role in whole body homeostasis. Adipocytes start the colonization of marrow space early in postnatal life, expanding progressively and influencing other components of the bone marrow through paracrine signaling. In this unique, closed, and hypoxic environment close to the endosteal surface and adjacent to the microvascular space the marrow adipocyte can store or provide energy, secrete adipokines, and target neighboring bone cells. Adipocyte progenitors can also migrate from the bone marrow to populate white adipose tissue, a process that accelerates during weight gain. The marrow adipocyte also has an endocrine role in whole body homeostasis through its varied secretome that targets distant adipose depots, skeletal muscle, and the nervous system. Further insights into the biology of this unique and versatile cell will undoubtedly lead to novel therapeutic approaches to metabolic and age-related disorders such as osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus.

中文翻译：

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骨髓脂肪细胞：起源，结构和功能。

骨骼中有一系列沿袭细胞，这些细胞在体内稳态中起着至关重要的作用。脂肪细胞在出生后的早期就开始在骨髓空间中定植，逐渐扩展并通过旁分泌信号传导影响骨髓的其他成分。在靠近骨内膜表面且邻近微血管空间的这种独特，封闭且低氧的环境中，骨髓脂肪细胞可以存储或提供能量，分泌脂肪因子并靶向邻近的骨细胞。脂肪细胞祖细胞也可以从骨髓迁移到白色脂肪组织，该过程在体重增加期间会加速。骨髓脂肪细胞还通过针对远处的脂肪库，骨骼肌和神经系统的多样的分泌组在体内稳态中具有内分泌作用。