This paper reviews the effects of shift work and finds strong, acute effects on sleep and alertness in relation to night and morning work. The effects seem, however, to linger and also affect days off. The level of the disturbances is similar to that seen in clinical insomnia and may be responsible for considerable human and economical costs due to fatigue related accidents and reduced productivity. The mechanism behind the disturbances is the sleep interfering properties of the circadian system during day sleep and the corresponding sleep promoting properties during night work. Various strategies may be used to counteract the effects of shift work, such as napping, sufficient recovery time between shifts, clockwise rotation, etc. Still it does not seem possible to more eliminate the effects-only to reduce them.

中文翻译：

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轮班工作和睡眠/清醒。

本文回顾了轮班工作的影响，并发现与夜间和早晨工作有关的睡眠和机敏性受到强烈的急性影响。但是，这种影响似乎会持续存在，还会影响休息日。干扰的程度与临床失眠相似，由于与疲劳有关的事故和生产率下降，可能会造成可观的人力和经济成本。干扰背后的机理是白天睡眠时昼夜节律系统的睡眠干扰特性和夜间工作时相应的促睡眠特性。可以使用各种策略来抵消轮班工作的影响，例如打n，在轮班之间有足够的恢复时间，顺时针旋转等。似乎还不可能更多地消除这种影响，而只是减少这种影响。