The hypocretins/orexins are hypothalamic peptides most recognized for their significant effects on feeding and arousal. Indeed, loss of the peptides results in a cataplexy quite similar to that observed canine models of human narcolepsy. However, neurons producing these peptides project to numerous brain sites known to be important in neuroendocrine regulation of pituitary function and autonomic centers as well. Results from numerous laboratories have suggested broad physiological roles for the hypocretins/orexins in neuroendocrine and autonomic regulation as a consequence of actions in the dorsal vagal complex, paraventricular nucleus, and pituitary. This review focuses upon evidence for potential physiologic roles for the peptides in these sites.

中文翻译：

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食欲素/hypocretin系统：神经内分泌和自主神经功能的关键调节剂

下丘脑/食欲素是下丘脑肽，因其对进食和唤醒的显着影响而广为人知。事实上，肽的丢失导致猝倒，与观察到的人类发作性睡病犬模型非常相似。然而，产生这些肽的神经元会投射到许多已知在垂体功能和自主神经中心的神经内分泌调节中很重要的大脑部位。许多实验室的结果表明，hypocretins/orexins 在神经内分泌和自主神经调节中具有广泛的生理作用，这是由于背侧迷走神经复合体、室旁核和垂体的作用。本综述重点关注这些位点中肽的潜在生理作用的证据。