Although the empirical link between experience of racism and academic concerns has been documented, researchers have not used a cross-lagged longitudinal design to disentangle the temporal relations between perceived discrimination and academic outcomes among Latinx college students. It is important to identify whether perceived discrimination predicts greater academic concerns or whether academic concerns predict higher levels of sensitivity to rejection and, therefore, increased self-reports of discrimination. To address this gap in the empirical literature, the present study tested a cross-lagged model to investigate the temporal relations between Latinx college students' perceived discrimination and academic distress while controlling for the effects of depression. Participants were 203 Latinx college students from a Southwestern U.S. public university who completed the same questionnaires at 2 time points, 1 year apart. The authors found that a cross-lagged model exhibited superior fit to a model with only autoregressive paths (e.g., Time 1 academic distress predicting Time 2 academic distress). Only one cross-lagged effect was significant: Time 1 perceived discrimination positively predicted academic distress at Time 2, although the reverse was not true. The practical implications of these findings for the prevention of discrimination and academic distress on college campuses are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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拉丁裔大学生的感知歧视和学业困境：一项交叉滞后的纵向调查。

尽管种族主义经历与学术问题之间的实证联系已被记录在案，但研究人员并未使用交叉滞后的纵向设计来解开拉丁裔大学生中感知到的歧视与学业成果之间的时间关系。重要的是要确定感知歧视是否预示着更大的学术问题，或者学术问题是否预示着对拒绝的敏感性更高，从而增加了自我报告的歧视。为了解决实证文献中的这一差距，本研究测试了一个交叉滞后模型，以调查拉丁裔大学生在控制抑郁影响的同时，感知到的歧视与学业困境之间的时间关系。参与者是来自美国西南部的 203 名拉丁裔大学生 在 2 个时间点完成相同问卷的公立大学，相隔 1 年。作者发现，交叉滞后模型表现出优于仅具有自回归路径的模型的拟合效果（例如，时间 1 的学业困扰预测时间 2 的学业困扰）。只有一个交叉滞后效应是显着的：时间 1 感知到的歧视积极地预测了时间 2 的学业困境，尽管反之则不然。讨论了这些发现对防止大学校园歧视和学业困扰的实际意义。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。时间 1 学业困境预测时间 2 学业困境）。只有一个交叉滞后效应是显着的：时间 1 感知到的歧视积极地预测了时间 2 的学业困境，尽管反之则不然。讨论了这些发现对防止大学校园歧视和学业困扰的实际意义。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。时间 1 学业困境预测时间 2 学业困境）。只有一个交叉滞后效应是显着的：时间 1 感知到的歧视积极地预测了时间 2 的学业困境，尽管反之则不然。讨论了这些发现对防止大学校园歧视和学业困扰的实际意义。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2019 APA，保留所有权利）。