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Heterochromatic regions in Japanese quail chromosomes: comprehensive molecular-cytogenetic characterization and 3D mapping in interphase nucleus.
Chromosome Research ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10577-018-9597-9 Anna Zlotina 1 , Antonina Maslova 1 , Nadezda Kosyakova 2 , Ahmed B Hamid Al-Rikabi 2 , Thomas Liehr 2 , Alla Krasikova 1
Chromosome Research ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2018-12-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10577-018-9597-9 Anna Zlotina 1 , Antonina Maslova 1 , Nadezda Kosyakova 2 , Ahmed B Hamid Al-Rikabi 2 , Thomas Liehr 2 , Alla Krasikova 1
Affiliation
Chromosomes of Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica, 2n=78), a galliform domestic species closely related to chicken, possess multiple heterochromatic segments. Due to the difficulties in careful analysis of such heterochromatic regions, there is a lack of data on their DNA composition, epigenetic status, as well as spatial distribution in interphase nucleus. In the present study, we applied giant lampbrush chromosome (LBC) microdissection for high-resolution analysis of quail centromeric regions of macrochromosomes and polymorphic short arms of submetacentric microchromosomes. FISH with the dissected material on mitotic and meiotic chromosomes indicated that in contrast to centromeres of chicken macrochromosomes, which are known to harbor chromosome-specific and, in some cases, tandem repeat-free sequences, centromeres of quail macroautosomes (CCO1-CCO11) have canonical organization. CCO1-CCO11 centromeres possess massive blocks of common DNA repeats demonstrating transcriptional activity at LBC stage. These repeats seem to have been subjected to chromosome size-correlated homogenization previously described primarily for avian microchromosomes. In addition, comparative FISH on chicken chromosomes supported the previous data on centromere repositioning events during galliform karyotype evolution. In interphase nucleus of different cell types, repetitive elements specific for microchromosome short arms constitute the material of prominent centrally located chromocenters enriched with markers of constitutive heterochromatin and rimmed with clusters of microchromosomal centromeric BglII-repeat. Thus, clustering of such repeats is responsible for the peculiar architecture of quail interphase nucleus. In contrast, centromere repeats of the largest macrochromosomes (CCO1 and CCO2) are predominantly localized in perinuclear heterochromatin. The possible involvement of the isolated repeats in radial genome organization is discussed.
中文翻译:
日本鹌鹑染色体中的异色区域:全面的分子细胞遗传学表征和相间核中的3D映射。
日本鹌鹑(Coturnix coturnix japonica,2n = 78)的染色体是与鸡密切相关的鸡形家养物种,具有多个异色片段。由于难以仔细分析此类异色区域,因此缺乏有关其DNA组成,表观遗传状态以及相间核中空间分布的数据。在本研究中,我们应用巨型笔刷染色体(LBC)显微切割技术对大染色体的鹌鹑着丝粒区域和亚亚中心微染色体的多态短臂进行高分辨率分析。FISH的有丝分裂和减数分裂染色体上的解剖材料表明,与鸡大染色体着丝粒不同,后者已知具有染色体特异性,在某些情况下是串联无重复序列,鹌鹑宏染色体的着丝粒(CCO1-CCO11)具有规范的组织。CCO1-CCO11着丝粒拥有大量的常见DNA重复序列,显示了LBC阶段的转录活性。这些重复序列似乎已经进行了先前主要针对禽类微染色体的染色体大小相关的均质化处理。此外,在鸡染色体上的比较FISH支持以前关于胆状染色体核型进化过程中着丝粒重新定位事件的数据。在不同细胞类型的相间核中,微染色体短臂特异的重复元件构成突出的中心色中心的材料,该中心富集本构异染色质的标记,并簇集着微染色体着丝粒BglII-重复序列。从而,此类重复序列的聚集是鹌鹑相间核特殊结构的原因。相反,最大的大染色体(CCO1和CCO2)的着丝粒重复主要位于核周异染色质中。讨论了孤立的重复序列可能参与的径向基因组组织。
更新日期:2019-11-01
中文翻译:
日本鹌鹑染色体中的异色区域:全面的分子细胞遗传学表征和相间核中的3D映射。
日本鹌鹑(Coturnix coturnix japonica,2n = 78)的染色体是与鸡密切相关的鸡形家养物种,具有多个异色片段。由于难以仔细分析此类异色区域,因此缺乏有关其DNA组成,表观遗传状态以及相间核中空间分布的数据。在本研究中,我们应用巨型笔刷染色体(LBC)显微切割技术对大染色体的鹌鹑着丝粒区域和亚亚中心微染色体的多态短臂进行高分辨率分析。FISH的有丝分裂和减数分裂染色体上的解剖材料表明,与鸡大染色体着丝粒不同,后者已知具有染色体特异性,在某些情况下是串联无重复序列,鹌鹑宏染色体的着丝粒(CCO1-CCO11)具有规范的组织。CCO1-CCO11着丝粒拥有大量的常见DNA重复序列,显示了LBC阶段的转录活性。这些重复序列似乎已经进行了先前主要针对禽类微染色体的染色体大小相关的均质化处理。此外,在鸡染色体上的比较FISH支持以前关于胆状染色体核型进化过程中着丝粒重新定位事件的数据。在不同细胞类型的相间核中,微染色体短臂特异的重复元件构成突出的中心色中心的材料,该中心富集本构异染色质的标记,并簇集着微染色体着丝粒BglII-重复序列。从而,此类重复序列的聚集是鹌鹑相间核特殊结构的原因。相反,最大的大染色体(CCO1和CCO2)的着丝粒重复主要位于核周异染色质中。讨论了孤立的重复序列可能参与的径向基因组组织。