Purpose To date, several meta-analyses have reported data about the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in infectious and inflammatory diseases. This article aims to summarize the published evidence-based data about the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in this setting. Methods A comprehensive computer literature search of meta-analyses published in PubMed/MEDLINE and Cochrane library database from January 2009 through December 2018 and regarding the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in infectious and inflammatory diseases was carried out. This combination of key words was used: (i) "PET" OR "positron emission tomography" OR "FDG" OR "fluorodeoxyglucose" AND (ii) meta-analysis. Only records on inflammatory or infectious diseases were selected. Results The diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in detecting inflammatory and infectious diseases has been summarized taking into account 36 meta-analyses published in the literature. Evidence-based data demonstrated good diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT for several inflammatory and infectious diseases, in particular cardiovascular infectious and inflammatory diseases and some musculoskeletal infections. Conclusions Evidence-based data about the diagnostic performance of 18F-FDG PET/CT in infectious and inflammatory diseases are increasing, with good diagnostic performance of this imaging method for some indications. More prospective multicenter studies and cost-effective analyses are warranted.

中文翻译：

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根据已发表的荟萃分析，18F-FDG PET / CT在传染性和炎性疾病中的诊断性能。

目的迄今为止，一些荟萃分析已报告了有关18F-FDG PET / CT在传染性和炎性疾病中的诊断性能的数据。本文旨在总结在这种情况下有关18F-FDG PET / CT诊断性能的已发布的循证数据。方法对2009年1月至2018年12月发表在PubMed / MEDLINE和Cochrane图书馆数据库中的荟萃分析进行综合计算机文献检索，研究18F-FDG PET / CT在传染性和炎性疾病中的诊断性能。使用了以下关键词组合：（i）“ PET”或“正电子发射断层扫描”或“ FDG”或“氟脱氧葡萄糖”以及（ii）荟萃分析。仅选择有关炎症或感染性疾病的记录。结果结合文献中发表的36篇荟萃分析，总结了18F-FDG PET / CT在检测炎症和感染性疾病中的诊断性能。循证数据证明18F-FDG PET / CT对几种炎性和传染性疾病，特别是心血管传染性和炎性疾病以及某些肌肉骨骼感染具有良好的诊断性能。结论关于18F-FDG PET / CT在传染性和炎性疾病中的诊断性能的循证数据正在增加，这种成像方法在某些适应症方面具有良好的诊断性能。必须进行更多的前瞻性多中心研究和具有成本效益的分析。