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The Myriad Plant Responses to Herbivores
Journal of Plant Growth Regulation ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2000-06-01 , DOI: 10.1007/s003440000026
Walling 1
Affiliation  

A bstractPlant responses to herbivores are complex. Genes activated on herbivore attack are strongly correlated with the mode of herbivore feeding and the degree of tissue damage at the feeding site. Phloem-feeding whiteflies and aphids that produce little injury to plant foliage are perceived as pathogens and activate the salicylic acid (SA)-dependent and jasmonic acid (JA)/ethylene-dependent signaling pathways. Differential expression of plant genes in response to closely related insect species suggest that some elicitors generated by phloem-feeding insects are species-specific and are dependent on the herbivore's developmental stage. Other elicitors for defense-gene activation are likely to be more ubiquitous. Analogies to the pathogen-incompatible reactions are found. Chewing insects such as caterpillars and beetles and cell-content feeders such as mites and thrips cause more extensive tissue damage and activate wound-signaling pathways. Herbivore feeding is not equivalent to mechanical wounding. Wound responses are a part of the induced responses that accompany herbivore feeding. Herbivores induce direct defenses that interfere with herbivore feeding, growth and development, fecundity, and fertility. In addition, herbivores induce an array of volatiles that creates an indirect mechanism of defense. Volatile blends provide specific cues to attract herbivore parasites and predators to infested plants. The nature of the elicitors for volatile production is discussed.

中文翻译:

无数植物对食草动物的反应

摘要植物对食草动物的反应是复杂的。在食草动物攻击时激活的基因与食草动物的摄食方式和摄食部位的组织损伤程度密切相关。以韧皮部为食的粉虱和蚜虫对植物叶子几乎没有伤害,它们被认为是病原体,并激活水杨酸 (SA) 依赖性和茉莉酸 (JA)/乙烯依赖性信号通路。响应密切相关的昆虫物种的植物基因的差异表达表明,韧皮部喂养的昆虫产生的一些诱导子是物种特异性的,并且取决于食草动物的发育阶段。防御基因激活的其他诱导物可能更普遍。发现了与病原体不相容反应的类比。毛毛虫和甲虫等咀嚼昆虫以及螨虫和蓟马等细胞内容物饲养者会导致更广泛的组织损伤并激活伤口信号通路。食草动物喂食不等于机械伤人。伤口反应是伴随食草动物进食的诱发反应的一部分。食草动物诱导直接防御,干扰食草动物的进食、生长和发育、繁殖力和生育能力。此外,食草动物会产生一系列挥发物,从而形成间接的防御机制。挥发性混合物提供了特定的线索,可以将食草动物寄生虫和捕食者吸引到受感染的植物上。讨论了挥发性生产的诱导物的性质。食草动物喂食不等同于机械伤人。伤口反应是伴随食草动物进食的诱发反应的一部分。食草动物诱导直接防御,干扰食草动物的进食、生长和发育、繁殖力和生育能力。此外,食草动物会产生一系列挥发物,从而形成间接的防御机制。挥发性混合物提供了特定的线索,可以将食草动物寄生虫和捕食者吸引到受感染的植物上。讨论了挥发性生产的诱导物的性质。食草动物喂食不等于机械伤人。伤口反应是伴随食草动物进食的诱发反应的一部分。食草动物诱导直接防御,干扰食草动物的进食、生长和发育、繁殖力和生育能力。此外,食草动物会产生一系列挥发物,从而形成间接的防御机制。挥发性混合物提供了特定的线索,可以将食草动物寄生虫和捕食者吸引到受感染的植物上。讨论了挥发性生产的诱导物的性质。挥发性混合物提供了特定的线索,可以将食草动物寄生虫和捕食者吸引到受感染的植物上。讨论了挥发性生产的诱导物的性质。挥发性混合物提供了特定的线索,可以将食草动物寄生虫和捕食者吸引到受感染的植物上。讨论了挥发性生产的诱导物的性质。
更新日期:2000-06-01
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