Mitochondrial health is an important mediator of cellular function across a range of tissues, and as a result contributes to whole‐body vitality in health and disease. Our understanding of the regulation and function of these organelles is of great interest to scientists and clinicians across many disciplines within our healthcare system. Skeletal muscle is a useful model tissue for the study of mitochondrial adaptations because of its mass and contribution to whole body metabolism. The remarkable plasticity of mitochondria allows them to adjust their volume, structure and capacity under conditions such as exercise, which is useful or improving metabolic health in individuals with various diseases and/or advancing age. Mitochondria exist within muscle as a functional reticulum which is maintained by dynamic processes of biogenesis and fusion, and is balanced by opposing processes of fission and mitophagy. The sophisticated coordination of these events is incompletely understood, but is imperative for organelle function and essential for the maintenance of an interconnected organelle network that is finely tuned to the metabolic needs of the cell. Further elucidation of the mechanisms of mitochondrial turnover in muscle could offer potential therapeutic targets for the advancement of health and longevity among our ageing populations. As well, investigating exercise modalities that are both convenient and capable of inducing robust mitochondrial adaptations are useful in fostering more widespread global adherence. To this point, exercise remains the most potent behavioural therapeutic approach for the improvement of mitochondrial health, not only in muscle, but potentially also in other tissues.

中文翻译：

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运动与线粒体健康

线粒体健康是多种组织细胞功能的重要调节剂，因此有助于健康和疾病中的全身活力。我们对这些细胞器的调节和功能的了解，使我们医疗系统中许多学科的科学家和临床医生都非常感兴趣。骨骼肌由于其质量和对全身代谢的贡献，因此是研究线粒体适应性的有用模型组织。线粒体的显着可塑性使他们能够在运动等条件下调节自身的体积，结构和能力，这对患有各种疾病和/或年龄增长的个体有用或改善其代谢健康。线粒体以功能网状结构存在于肌肉中，并通过生物发生和融合的动态过程得以维持，并通过裂变和线粒体的相反过程来平衡。这些事件的复杂协调尚不完全清楚，但是对于细胞器功能是必不可少的，并且对于维护相互连接的细胞器网络至关重要，该网络可以根据细胞的代谢需求进行微调。进一步阐明肌肉中线粒体更新的机制可以为我们的老龄化人群健康和长寿的发展提供潜在的治疗目标。同样，研究既方便又能够诱导强大的线粒体适应性的运动方式对于促进更广泛的全球依从性也很有用。到目前为止，运动仍然是改善线粒体健康的最有效的行为治疗方法，不仅在肌肉中，