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Critique of the concept of motivation and its implications for healthcare practices.
Philosophy, Ethics, and Humanities in Medicine ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-22 , DOI: 10.1186/s13010-019-0083-6
Leonardo Augusto Negreiros Parente Capela Sampaio 1, 2 , José Ricardo de Carvalho Mesquita Ayres 1
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Motivation is a crucial and widespread theme within medicine. From clinical to surgical scenarios, acquiescence in taking a pill or coming to a consultation is imperative for medical treatment to thrive. The "decade of the brain" gave practitioners substantial neuroscientific data on human behavior, helped to explain why people do what they do and created the concept of "motivated brain". Findings from empirical psychology stratified motivation into stages of change, which became more complex over the decades. This research seeks to improve the understanding of how people make decisions about their health, and how to better understand strategies and techniques to help them resolve ambivalence in an effective goal-oriented way. METHODS We establish a dialogue with Ricoeur's phenomenology of the will in order to understand the meaning of these scientific findings. Starting from Husserlian phenomenology, Paul Ricoeur developed his thoughts away from transcendental idealism, through emancipating the intentional structures of the will from the realm of perception. RESULTS Through introducing the concepts of the voluntary and the involuntary, Ricoeur deviated from Cartesian dualism, which renders the body as an object body, a target of natural vicissitudes. The new dualism of the voluntary and the involuntary is dealt with by reference to what Ricoeur called the central mystery of incarnate existence, which considers man "double in humanity, simple in vitality". This duality makes it possible to consider the brain to be the natural organ of behavior in the human body, and to use empirical psychology as a path to escape from shallow subjectivations of concepts. CONCLUSIONS Paul Ricoeur's simplicity (or unity) of existence provides an invitation for medicine to rethink some of its philosophical assumptions, such that patients can be considered to be autonomous subjects with authorial life projects. Ricoeurian anthropology has a deep ethical impact on how medicine should use technology, which arises from empirical psychology findings. The usage of this new knowledge also needs to be thoroughly inspected, since it shifts the social role of medical science.

中文翻译:

对动机概念的批评及其对医疗保健实践的影响。

背景技术动机是医学中至关重要且广泛的主题。从临床到外科手术,药物治疗或康复都必须默认服用药或进行会诊。“大脑的十年”为从业者提供了有关人类行为的大量神经科学数据,有助于解释人们为什么做自己的工作,并创造了“有动力的大脑”的概念。来自经验心理学的发现将动机分为变革阶段,该变革阶段在过去几十年变得更加复杂。这项研究旨在增进对人们如何做出健康决定的理解,以及如何更好地理解策略和技术以帮助他们以有效的面向目标的方式解决矛盾心理。方法我们与Ricoeur's建立对话 为了理解这些科学发现的含义而进行的意志现象学。保罗·里科(Paul Ricoeur)从胡塞尔的现象学开始,通过从感知领域解放意志的有意结构,使他的思想从先验的唯心主义中脱颖而出。结果通过引入自愿和非自愿的概念,Ricoeur偏离了笛卡尔二元论,后者使身体成为物体,成为自然变迁的对象。自愿者和非自愿者的新二元论通过参考理查尔所说的化身存在的中心奥秘来解决,它认为人是“人性双重,生命力简单”。这种二重性使人们有可能将大脑视为人体行为的自然器官,并将经验心理学作为逃避概念浅薄观念的途径。结论保罗·里科(Paul Ricoeur)存在的简单性(或统一性)为医学界重新思考其一些哲学假设提供了邀请,从而使患者可以被视为具有权威性生活项目的自主主体。Ricoeurian人类学对医学应如何使用技术产生深远的伦理影响,这源于经验心理学的发现。还需要彻底检查这种新知识的使用,因为它改变了医学的社会作用。这样就可以将患者视为具有权威性生活项目的自主受试者。Ricoeurian人类学对医学应如何使用技术产生深远的伦理影响,这源于经验心理学的发现。还需要对这种新知识的使用进行彻底检查,因为它改变了医学的社会角色。这样就可以将患者视为具有权威性生活项目的自主受试者。Ricoeurian人类学对医学应如何使用技术产生深远的伦理影响,这源于经验心理学的发现。还需要对这种新知识的使用进行彻底检查,因为它改变了医学的社会角色。
更新日期:2019-11-01
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