The purpose of this study was to characterize further the nature of sentence processing deficits in acquired aphasia. Adults with aphasia and age-and education-matched adults with no brain damage completed a battery of formal cognitive-linguistic tests and an experimental sentence judgment task, which was performed alone and during focused attention and divided attention or dual-task conditions. The specific aims were to determine whether (a) increased extra-linguistic cognitive demands (i.e., focused and divided conditions) differentially affected the sentence judgement performances of the aphasic and control groups, (b) increased extra- linguistic cognitive demands interact with stimulus parameters (i.e., syntactic complexity, number of propositions) known to influence sentence processing, and (c) syntactic- or material specific resource limitations (e.g., sentence judgment in isolation), general cognitive abilities (e.g., short-term and working memory test scores), or both share a significant relationship with dual-task outcomes. Accuracy, grammatical sensitivity, and reaction time findings were consistent with resource models of aphasia and processing accounts of aphasic syntactic limitations, underscoring the theoretical and clinical importance of acknowledging and specifying the strength and nature of interactions between linguistic and extra-linguistic cognitive processes in not only individuals with aphasia, but also other patient and typical aging populations.

中文翻译：

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失语症的句子处理：材料特异性和一般认知因素的检查

本研究的目的是进一步表征获得性失语症的句子处理缺陷的性质。患有失语症的成年人以及年龄和教育程度匹配且没有脑损伤的成年人完成了一系列正式的认知语言测试和实验性句子判断任务，这些任务是单独执行的，并且是在集中注意力和分散注意力或双重任务条件下进行的。具体目的是确定（a）增加的语言外认知需求（即集中和分散的条件）是否对失语症组和对照组的句子判断表现产生不同的影响，（b）增加的语言外认知需求与刺激参数相互作用已知影响句子处理的（即句法复杂性、命题数量），以及（c）句法或材料特定资源限制（例如，孤立的句子判断）、一般认知能力（例如，短期和工作记忆测试分数） ），或者两者都与双任务结果存在显着关系。准确性、语法敏感性和反应时间的研究结果与失语症的资源模型和失语症句法限制的处理说明一致，强调了承认和明确语言和语言外认知过程之间相互作用的强度和性质的理论和临床重要性。不仅是失语症患者，还包括其他患者和典型的老年人群。