The impact of gamma irradiation on growth and physiology of Euryale ferox was described in the present investigation. E. ferox is an underutilized aquatic food crop that grows in shallow-water bodies in lower Assam regions and north Bihar of India. The seeds of E. ferox were irradiated with different doses of gamma irradiation ranging from 0 to 500 Gy. It was observed that the germination and survival percentage was inhibited by increasing the irradiation dose. However, plants developed from seed exposed to an irradiation dose beyond 100 Gy did not survive more than 1 month. Further growth parameters (leaf size and number, number of thorns, root number and length, and number of flower and seeds) were also compared with respect to non-irradiated plants. Physiological parameters, viz. chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, and intracellular CO2 content was higher in the irradiation population of E. ferox. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities were observed low in irradiated population of E. ferox. The proline and glycine betaine content was enhanced with increasing the irradiation dose. The present investigation explores the potential use of gamma rays in genetic improvement of E. ferox and improves understanding of the physiological responses inflicted by gamma irradiation.

中文翻译：

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Makhana (Euryale ferox) 对伽马辐射的生理和生化反应

本研究描述了伽马辐射对 Euryale ferox 生长和生理学的影响。E. ferox 是一种未充分利用的水生粮食作物，生长在阿萨姆邦下游地区和印度比哈尔邦北部的浅水体中。用 0 到 500 Gy 范围内的不同剂量的伽马辐照对 E. ferox 的种子进行辐照。观察到增加辐照剂量会抑制发芽率和存活率。然而，从暴露于超过 100 Gy 辐射剂量的种子发育而来的植物存活时间不超过 1 个月。进一步的生长参数（叶子的大小和数量、刺的数量、根的数量和长度，以及花和种子的数量）也与非辐照植物进行了比较。生理参数，即。叶绿素a、叶绿素b、总叶绿素、E. ferox 辐照种群的光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度和细胞内 CO2 含量较高。在辐照的 E. ferox 种群中观察到超氧化物歧化酶 (SOD) 和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶 (APX) 活性很低。随着辐照剂量的增加，脯氨酸和甘氨酸甜菜碱含量增加。本研究探讨了伽马射线在 E. ferox 遗传改良中的潜在用途，并提高了对伽马辐射造成的生理反应的理解。随着辐照剂量的增加，脯氨酸和甘氨酸甜菜碱含量增加。本研究探讨了伽马射线在 E. ferox 遗传改良中的潜在用途，并提高了对伽马辐射造成的生理反应的理解。随着辐照剂量的增加，脯氨酸和甘氨酸甜菜碱含量增加。本研究探讨了伽马射线在 E. ferox 遗传改良中的潜在用途，并提高了对伽马辐射造成的生理反应的理解。