The objective of this study is to enhance the understanding of the vibration transmission in the hand-arm system in three orthogonal directions (X, Y, and Z). For the first time, the transmitted vibrations distributed on the entire hand-arm system exposed in the three orthogonal directions via a 3-D vibration test system were measured using a 3-D laser vibrometer. Seven adult male subjects participated in the experiment. This study confirms that the vibration transmissibility generally decreased with the increase in distance from the hand and it varied with the vibration direction. Specifically, to the upper arm and shoulder, only moderate vibration transmission was measured in the test frequency range (16 to 500 Hz), and virtually no transmission was measured in the frequency range higher than 50 Hz. The resonance vibration on the forearm was primarily in the range of 16-30 Hz with the peak amplitude of approximately 1.5 times of the input vibration amplitude. The major resonance on the dorsal surfaces of the hand and wrist occurred at around 30-40 Hz and, in the Y direction, with peak amplitude of more than 2.5 times of the input amplitude. At higher than 50 Hz, vibration transmission was effectively limited to the hand and fingers. A major finger resonance was observed at around 100 Hz in the X and Y directions and around 200 Hz in the Z direction. In the fingers, the resonance magnitude in the Z direction was generally the lowest, and the resonance magnitude in the Y direction was generally the highest with the resonance amplitude of 3 times the input vibration, which was similar to the transmissibility at the wrist and hand dorsum. The implications of the results are discussed. RELEVANCE TO INDUSTRY Prolonged, intensive exposure to hand-transmitted vibration could result in hand-arm vibration syndrome. While the syndrome's precise mechanisms remain unclear, the characterization of the vibration transmissibility of the system in the three orthogonal dimensions performed in this study can help understand the syndrome and help develop improved frequency weightings for assessing the risk of the exposure for developing various components of the syndrome.

中文翻译：

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手臂系统在三个正交方向上的振动传递性的检验

本研究的目的是增强对手臂系统在三个正交方向（X、Y 和 Z）上的振动传递的理解。首次使用 3-D 激光测振仪测量了通过 3-D 振动测试系统在三个正交方向上暴露在整个手臂系统上的传递振动。七名成年男性受试者参与了实验。本研究证实，振动传递率一般随着与手距离的增加而降低，并随着振动方向的变化而变化。具体而言，对于上臂和肩部，在测试频率范围（16至500Hz）内仅测量到中等振动传递，而在高于50Hz的频率范围内几乎没有测量到传递。前臂上的共振主要在 16-30 Hz 范围内，峰值幅度约为输入振动幅度的 1.5 倍。手和手腕背面的主要共振发生在 30-40 Hz 左右，并且在 Y 方向上，峰值幅度超过输入幅度的 2.5 倍。在高于 50 Hz 时，振动传输被有效地限制到手和手指。在 X 和 Y 方向的大约 100 Hz 和 Z 方向的大约 200 Hz 处观察到主要的手指共振。在手指中，Z方向的共振幅度一般最低，Y方向的共振幅度一般最高，共振幅度为输入振动的3倍，与手腕和手部的传递率相似背部。讨论了结果的影响。与行业的相关性 长期、大量接触手部传递的振动可能会导致手臂振动综合征。虽然该综合征的确切机制尚不清楚，但在本研究中进行的三个正交维度中系统振动传递率的表征可以帮助理解该综合征并有助于开发改进的频率加权，以评估暴露风险的各种组件综合征。