The objectives of this study were to develop models of the hand-arm system in the three orthogonal directions (xh, yh , and zh ) and to enhance the understanding of the hand vibration dynamics. A four-degrees-of-freedom (DOF) model and 5-DOF model were used in the simulation for each direction. The driving-point mechanical impedances distributed at the fingers and palm of the hand reported in a previous study were used to determine the parameters of the models. The 5-DOF models were generally superior to the 4-DOF models for the simulation. Hence, as examples of applications, the 5-DOF models were used to predict the transmissibility of a vibration-reducing glove and the vibration transmissibility on the major substructures of the hand-arm system. The model-predicted results were also compared with the experimental data reported in two other recent studies. Some reasonable agreements were observed in the comparisons, which provided some validation of the developed models. This study concluded that the 5-DOF models are acceptable for helping to design and analyze vibrating tools and anti-vibration devices. This study also confirmed that the 5-DOF model in the zh direction is acceptable for a coarse estimation of the biodynamic responses distributed throughout the major substructures of the hand-arm system. Some interesting phenomena observed in the experimental study of the biodynamic responses in the three directions were also explained in this study.

中文翻译：

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在三个正交方向分布在手指和手掌的生物动力学响应的建模

本研究的目的是在三个正交方向（xh、yh 和 zh）上开发手臂系统模型，并增强对手部振动动力学的理解。在每个方向的模拟中使用了四自由度 (DOF) 模型和 5-DOF 模型。先前研究中报告的分布在手指和手掌的驱动点机械阻抗用于确定模型的参数。5-DOF 模型在模拟方面通常优于 4-DOF 模型。因此，作为应用示例，5-DOF 模型用于预测减振手套的传递率和手臂系统主要子结构的振动传递率。模型预测的结果还与最近另外两项研究中报告的实验数据进行了比较。在比较中观察到一些合理的一致性，这为开发的模型提供了一些验证。该研究得出的结论是，5-DOF 模型可用于帮助设计和分析振动工具和防振装置。该研究还证实，zh 方向的 5-DOF 模型对于分布在整个手臂系统主要子结构的生物动力学响应的粗略估计是可以接受的。本研究还解释了在三个方向的生物动力学响应的实验研究中观察到的一些有趣现象。该研究得出的结论是，5-DOF 模型可用于帮助设计和分析振动工具和防振装置。该研究还证实，zh 方向的 5-DOF 模型对于分布在整个手臂系统主要子结构的生物动力学响应的粗略估计是可以接受的。本研究还解释了在三个方向的生物动力学响应的实验研究中观察到的一些有趣现象。该研究得出的结论是，5-DOF 模型可用于帮助设计和分析振动工具和防振装置。该研究还证实，zh 方向的 5-DOF 模型对于分布在整个手臂系统主要子结构的生物动力学响应的粗略估计是可以接受的。本研究还解释了在三个方向的生物动力学响应的实验研究中观察到的一些有趣现象。