Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a serious metabolic disease, and comprehensive understanding of its complex mechanism will help in preventing the onset and progression of DN. To reveal the systemic metabolic changes associated with renal injury, we performed 1H NMR-based metabonomic and multivariate analyses to analyze serum and urine obtained from a nonhuman primate model of DN. Our results indicated that DN monkeys exhibited a distinct metabolic profile, including higher levels of VLDL/LDL, lipids, unsaturated lipids, uric acid, allantoin, fumarate and hippurate, as well as lower levels of HDL, alanine, glutamate, pyruvate, formate, tyrosine, histidine and NAD+. The disturbed metabolic pathways were further identified, including NAD+ metabolism, purine metabolism, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism, and renal tubular reabsorption. This study highlights that NMR-based metabonomics provides insight into the underlying pathways in the pathogenesis and progression of DN at the metabolic level.

中文翻译：

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非人灵长类糖尿病肾病模型中血清和尿液的基于1H NMR的代谢组学分析。

糖尿病肾病（DN）是一种严重的代谢性疾病，对其复杂机制的全面了解将有助于预防DN的发作和发展。为了揭示与肾损伤相关的全身代谢变化，我们进行了基于1H NMR的代谢组学和多元分析，以分析从DN的非人类灵长类动物模型获得的血清和尿液。我们的结果表明，DN猴子表现出独特的代谢特征，包括较高水平的VLDL / LDL，脂质，不饱和脂质，尿酸，尿囊素，富马酸盐和马尿酸盐，以及较低水平的HDL，丙氨酸，谷氨酸，丙酮酸，甲酸盐，酪氨酸，组氨酸和NAD +。进一步确定了受干扰的代谢途径，包括NAD +代谢，嘌呤代谢，氧化应激，脂质代谢和肾小管重吸收。