"Various hypotheses have been put forward in recent years concerning the contribution of human capital to economic growth. This paper argues that school enrolment rates--by far the most commonly used human capital measure in growth regressions attempting to test these hypotheses--conflate human capital stock and accumulation effects and lead to misinterpretations of the role of labour force growth. An alternative education-related human capital measure is constructed which is capable of distinguishing between stocks and flows. Applying this measure to samples of developed and less developed countries during the 1960-85 period suggests not only that there are important growth effects associated both with 'initial' stocks of, and subsequent growth in, human capital, but also that this new measure out-performs the simple school enrolment rates used in previous analyses."

中文翻译：

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评估人力资本存量和积累对经济增长的影响：一些新证据†

“近年来，关于人力资本对经济增长的贡献提出了各种假设。本文认为，学校入学率——迄今为止试图检验这些假设的增长回归中最常用的人力资本衡量标准——将人类资本存量和积累效应，并导致对劳动力增长作用的误解。构建了一种与教育相关的替代人力资本衡量标准，能够区分存量和流动。将此衡量标准应用于发达国家和欠发达国家的样本1960-85 年期间不仅表明存在与人力资本的“初始”存量和随后的增长相关的重要增长效应，而且这项新措施的表现优于之前分析中使用的简单入学率。”